Impact of B-mode-ultrasound-guided transhepatic and transperitoneal cholecystostomy tube placement on laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Table 3 Comparison of surgical results of laparoscopic cholecystostomy in patients between percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage and percutaneous transperitoneal gallbladder drainage groups, n (%)

	PHGD group, n = 58	PPGD group, n = 45	P value
Operative duration in min	118.3 ± 34.7	139.6 ± 37.2	0.001b
Intraoperative bleeding, mL	72.1 ± 30.5	109.4 ± 33.6	0.001b
Conversion to laparotomy, %	9 (15.5)	11 (24.4)	0.256
Subtotal cholecystectomy, %	5 (8.6)	2 (4.4)	0.404
Rate of severe adhesion, mild/ severe	26/32	29/16	0.048a
complications	3 (5.2)	4 (8.9)	0.457
Bile leak	1	1	> 0.999
Bleeding	0	1	> 0.898
Wound infection	1	0	> 0.999
Pulmonary infection	1	1	> 0.999
Deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity	0	1	> 0.898
Pathology, acute/ chronic	22/36	18/27	0.831
Hospital length of stay in d	14.3 ± 4.4	18.0 ± 4.8	0.001b

^aP < 0.05;

^bP < 0.01. PHGD: Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage; PPGD: Percutaneous transperitoneal gallbladder drainage.