Arachidyl amido cholanoic acid improves liver glucose and lipid homeostasis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis via AMPK and mTOR regulation

Figure 5 Arachidyl amido cholanoic acid treatment improves glucose homeostasis in mice fed a 0. 1MCD diet. C57BL6/J mice were fed a 0.1MCD diet for 2 wk. After this, mice were divided into groups of 10 and treated by intragastric gavage with 1 or 5 mg/kg/d of Arachidyl amido cholanoic acid (Aramchol) or vehicle alone. Animals kept on a normal diet were also provided with the vehicle preparation. A: Effect of 5 mg/kg/d Aramchol treatment on AMPK, P-AMPKα (Thr172), p70S6K, and P-p70S6K (T389) protein levels in the livers by Western blot analysis. β-actin was used as loading control. Densitometric analysis of phosphorylated/total AMPK and p70S6K ratio was represented. Results are expressed as fold of total specific protein levels. Experiment was performed in cuadruplicates per experimental condition. Data is shown as the mean ± SEM. ^aP < 0.05 vs MCDD; B: Metabolomic analysis of livers from the 0.1MCD fed mice showed a reduction of glucose, glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, UDP-glucose, ribulose 5-phosphate, fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate, and pyruvate, as compared to mice fed a normal diet. The treatment with Aramchol tended to normalize the concentration of these metabolites in a dose dependent manner. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001.