Features of extrahepatic metastasis after radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma

doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i32.4833

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Aug 28, 2020 (publication date) through Mar 10, 2025

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Aug 28, 2020; 26(32): 4833-4845
Published online Aug 28, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i32.4833

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of enrolled patients

	Total (n = 661)	Patients without extrahepatic metastasis (n = 617)	Patients with extrahepatic metastasis (n = 44)	P value
Age (yr)	66.9 ± 10.20	66.8 ± 10.2	68.4 ± 9.98	0.301
Male, n (%)	497 (75.2)	469 (76.0)	28 (63.6)	0.066
Etiology of liver cirrhosis, n (%)				0.084
Alcohol	137 (20.7)	131 (21.2)	6 (13.6)
HBV	351 (53.1)	322 (52.2)	29 (65.9)
HCV	111 (16.8)	108 (17.5)	3 (6.8)
Combined	40 (6.1)	38 (6.2)	2 (4.5)
Others	22 (3.3)	18 (2.9)	4 (9.1)
Platelet (× 10³/μL)	127.8 ± 55.1	127 ± 54.7	141.2 ± 63.1	0.304
AST (IU/mL)	49.0 ± 45.6	48.6 ± 43.2	54.7 ± 72.1	0.40
ALT (IU/mL)	37.2 ± 46.8	36.7 ± 44.9	43.0 ± 69.2	0.392
ALP (U/L)	97.4 ± 38.6	96.7 ± 38.7	107.4 ± 35.2	0.076
Albumin (mg/dL)	4.3 ± 2.9	4.3 ± 3.0	3.9 ± 0.6	0.015
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.93 ± 0.83	0.92 ± 0.84	1.04 ± 0.67	0.378
Serum AFP (IU/mL)	209.7 ± 1558.3	185.5 ± 1503.8	548.3 ± 2179.0	0.283
PIVKA-II (mAU/mL)	331.9 ± 2901.4	336.3 ± 2973.6	246.1 ± 542.6	0.907
BCLC stage, n (%)				0.034
0	257 (39.0)	248 (40.2)	9 (20.5)
A	378 (57.1)	345 (55.8)	33 (75.0)
B	26 (3.9)	24 (3.9)	2 (4.5)
mUICC stage, n (%)				0.096
I	298 (45.0)	28 (46.0)	13 (29.5)
II	316 (47.7)	288 (46.6)	28 (63.6)
III	48 (7.3)	45 (7.3)	3 (6.8)
Tumor size (cm)	2.42 ± 1.02	2.41 ± 1.02	2.62 ± 1.05	0.18
Ablation size/tumor size ratio	2.04 ± 0.97	2.07 ± 0.97	1.57 ± 0.74	0.001
Tumor number	1.19 ± 0.45	1.19 ± 0.46	1.16 ± 0.37	0.356
Encapsulated tumor, n (%)	157 (23.7)	146 (24.2)	11 (25.6)	0.840
Subcapsular tumor, n (%)	263 (39.7)	240 (39.4)	23 (53.5)	0.069
Follow-up duration, d (median, range)	1204 (183-5016)	1175 (183-5016)	1379 (187-4541)	0.270

Values are presented as mean ± SD. SD: Standard deviation; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALT: Alanine transaminase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; PIVKA-II: Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; mUICC: Modified Union for International Cancer Control.

Citation: Yoon JH, Goo YJ, Lim CJ, Choi SK, Cho SB, Shin SS, Jun CH. Features of extrahepatic metastasis after radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26(32): 4833-4845
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v26/i32/4833.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v26.i32.4833