Prognostic value of pretreatment contrast-enhanced computed tomography in esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma: A multi-center follow-up study

Table 2 Univariate analysis of clinical factors and computed tomography characteristics of the patients

Variable	n	PFS				OS
		Median (mo)	95%CI	χ2	P value	Median (mo)	95%CI	χ2	P value
Gender				1.647	0.199			2.417	0.12
Male	53	21.5	7-36			36	22-50
Female	24	15.3	8-22.6			20.5	10.8-30.1
Age				0.029	0.865			0.007	0.932
< 64 yr	35	15	14-16			27.7	6.1-49.3
≥ 64 yr	42	28.8	5-52.6			28.8	13.3-44.3
Tumor length				1.257	0.262			2.551	0.11
< 40 mm	41	21.5	12.8-30.2			45	13.4-76.6
≥ 40 mm	36	15	3.8-26.2			20.5	0-43.1
Ki-67				0.035	0.851			0.001	0.977
< 80%	20	15.3	10.3-20.3			28.8	12.6-45
≥ 80%	57	15	4.1-26			32	17.4-46.6
T stage				0.351	0.554			0.46	0.498
cT1-2	33	20.5	11.6-29.5			28.8	5.6-52
cT3-4	44	15.3	3.3-27.3			27.7	10.4-45
N stage				2.708	0.1			3.876	0.04a
Absent	30	21.5	18.8-24.2			40.6	14.9-66.3
Present	47	15	5.9-24.1			20.5	1-40
M stage				0.862	0.353			2.974	0.085
Absent	49	15.3	5.6-25			20.5	12.4-28.6
Present	28	15	0-33.2			36	28.5-43.5
Tumor location				0.148	0.929			1.642	0.44
Upper segment	5	28.8	2.9-38.8			28.8	16.2-41.4
Middle segment	45	20.5	8.3-32.7			21.5	6.2-36.8
Lower segment	27	15.3	0-41.6			36	12.2-59.8
Morphological subtype				3.29	0.349			5.285	0.152
Medullary type	34	15.3	0-37.9			28.8	2.7-54.9
Mushroom type	31	40.6	2-79.2			40.6	3.6-77.6
Ulcer type	12	21.5	0-47.3			21.5	0-44
Narrowing type	18	15	13.3-16.7			20.5	6.5-34.5
Wall thickness				0.294	0.588			3.041	0.081
< 11 mm	38	20.5	12-29			28.8	2.9-54.7
≥ 11 mm	39	15	0-32.6			27.7	4.7-50.7
Surgery				0.008	0.928			0.037	0.847
Performed	47	21.5	10.3-32.7			27.7	12.2-43.3
None	30	15	6.4-23.6			32	11.4-52.6
Adjuvant chemotherapy				20.057	< 0.001a			4.465	0.035a
Performed	67	20.5	12.5-28.5			32	18.6-45.4
None	10	2	0-4.2			4	0-9.8
Tumor margin				0.006	0.941			0.195	0.658
Well-defined	67	20.5	12.5-28.5			27.7	15.6-39.8
Ill-defined	10	14.3	0-29.4			23.9	16.2-41.4
Necrosis				0.14	0.708			0.207	0.649
Absent	72	20.5	12.2-28.8			27.7	15.2-40.2
Present	5	15	0-35.4			20.8	16.2-41.4
Enhanced homogeneity				0.503	0.478			0.006	0.94
Homogeneous	7	20.5	12.3-28.7			28.8	16-41.6
Heterogeneous	70	15	3.6-26.4			18.4	16.2-41.4
Degree of enhancement				5.114	0.078			4.968	0.042a
Mild enhancement	12	14.7	5.1-24.3			15.3	0.5-30.1
Moderate enhancement	30	28.7	16-41.5			32	0-64
Marked enhancement	35	28.8	9.6-48			43	22.7-63.3

^aStatistically significant. OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression-free survival.