Predictive value of alarm symptoms in patients with Rome IV dyspepsia: A cross-sectional study

Table 3 Characteristics of patients with epigastric pain syndrome and postprandial distress syndrome

Characteristics	EPS, n = 174	PDS, n = 31	EPS and PDS, n = 61	P value
Age in yr	49.2 ± 12.7	49.1 ± 12.7	50.8 ± 13.5	0.638
BMI in kg/m2	22.3 ± 3.5	21.2 ± 2.7	21.3 ± 3.8	0.062
Gender, M/F	70/104	14/17	23/38	0.788
Race, Han/minority	170/4	31/0	61/0	0.742
Location, Shaanxi/other	147/27	28/3	51/10	0.733
Job category				0.172
Physical	59 (33.9)	11 (35.5)	20 (32.8)
Mental	49 (28.2)	8 (25.8)	10 (16.4)
Middle	44 (25.3)	10 (32.3)	16 (26.2)
Retire	22 (12.6)	2 (6.5)	15 (24.6)
Marriage				0.615
Never married	7 (4.0)	2 (6.5)	4 (6.6)
Married	167 (96.0)	29 (93.5)	57 (93.4)
Daily exercise				0.993
< 1/2 h	12 (6.9)	2 (6.5)	4 (6.6)
1/2-1 h	47 (27.0)	7 (22.6)	15 (24.6)
1-2 h	24 (13.8)	4 (12.9)	7 (11.5)
> 2 h	91 (52.3)	18 (58.1)	35 (57.4)
Spicy food	94 (54.0)	22 (71.0)	29 (47.5)	0.100
Smoking				0.225
No	149 (85.6)	24 (77.4)	46 (75.4)
< half pack a day	11 (6.3)	2 (6.5)	3 (4.9)
half pack-one pack a day	5 (2.9)	1 (3.2)	2 (3.3)
> one pack a day	9 (5.2)	4 (12.9)	10 (16.4)
Alcohol	29 (16.7)	9 (29.9)	12 (19.7)	0.265
Sleep, good/bad	115/59	18/13	35/26	0.393
Outpatient cost				0.672
< 500	1 (0.6)	0	0
500-1000	30 (17.2)	5 (16.1)	5 (8.2)
1000-3000	51 (29.3)	10 (32.3)	15 (24.6)
3000-5000	18 (10.3)	4 (12.9)	7 (11.5)
> 5000	74 (42.5)	12 (38.7)	34 (55.7)
Educational level				0.166
Elementary and below	76 (43.7)	11 (35.5)	35 (57.4)
High school	37 (21.3)	10 (32.3)	14 (23.0)
College	53 (30.5)	10 (32.3)	10 (16.4)
Postgraduate and above	8 (4.6)	0	2 (3.3)
Previous visits				0.012
0	59 (33.9)	13 (41.9)	8 (13.1)
1	36 (20.7)	3 (9.7)	10 (16.4)
2	12 (6.9)	3 (9.7)	5 (8.2)
≥ 3	67 (38.5)	12 (38.7)	38 (62.3)
Weight loss				0.637
No	133 (76.4)	24 (77.4)	42 (68.9)
< 7 lb	20 (11.5)	2 (6.5)	8 (13.1)
≥ 7 lb	21 (12.1)	5 (16.1)	11 (18.0)
Anorexia, yes/no	34/140	10/21	22/39	0.021
Vomiting, yes/no	11/163	0/31	3/58	0.535
Melena, yes/no	9/165	4/27	3/58	0.236
Dysphagia, yes/no	0/174	1/30	0/61	0.117
Family history				0.743
None	151 (86.8)	28 (90.3)	56 (91.8)
Esophagus cancer	7 (4.0)	1 (3.2)	2 (3.3)
Gastric cancer	10 (5.7)	2 (6.5)	3 (4.9)
Other	6 (3.4)	0	0

Values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation or n (%). BMI: Body mass index; M: Male; F: Female; EPS: Epigastric pain syndrome; PDS: Postprandial distress syndrome.