Nomogram for predicting transmural bowel infarction in patients with acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis

Table 2 Univariate analysis of risk factors associated with transmural bowel infarction in the training cohort

Variable	OR (95%CI)	P value
Age, yr	0.97 (0.95-0.99)	0.01
Gender, male vs female	2.22 (1.06-4.65)	0.03
Tobacco use	1.03 (0.48-2.23)	0.94
Hypertension	1.10 (0.38-3.20)	0.86
Diabetes	3.85 (0.86-17.14)	0.08
Ischemic heart disease	2.81 (0.34-23.36)	0.34
Previous history of DVT	3.14 (1.53-6.47)	0.002
Malignant disease	0.41 (0.21-1.78)	0.99
Diarrhea	1.04 (0.39-2.81)	0.93
Hematochezia	2.53 (1.33-4.79)	0.004
Fever	1.16 (0.47-2.83)	0.75
Abdominal distention	3.56 (1.82-6.97)	< 0.001
Abdominal tenderness	7.25 (3.40-15.46)	< 0.001
Rebound tenderness	9.14 (4.17-20.04)	< 0.001
White blood cells, > 10 × 109/L vs ≤ 10 × 109/L	1.12 (1.06-1.17)	< 0.001
Hemoglobin, > 120 g/L vs ≤ 120 g/L	1.01 (1.00-1.02)	0.35
Platelets, > 100 × 109/L vs ≤ 100 × 109/L	1.00 (0.99-1.01)	0.96
C-reactive protein, > 50 mg/L vs ≤ 50 mg/L	1.02 (1.01-1.02)	0.05
Serum lactate levels, > 2 mmol/L vs ≤ 2 mmol/L	6.53 (3.27-13.04)	< 0.001
Creatinine, > 106 µmol/L vs ≤ 106 µmol/L	2.05 (0.96-4.41)	0.07
D-dimer, > 0.5 mg/L vs ≤ 0.5 mg/L	1.00 (1.00-1.01)	0.50
Procalcitonin, > 0.5 µg/L vs ≤ 0.5 µg/L	1.02 (0.92-1.12)	0.72
Distal thrombosis	2.13 (1.07-4.36)	0.02
Portal vein or/and splenic vein extension	1.01 (0.52-1.94)	0.98
Decreased bowel wall enhancement	9.00 (4.24-19.12)	< 0.001
Bowel wall thickening	1.99 (0.98-2.01)	0.24
Bowel loop dilation	2.21 (1.67-3.54)	0.03
Pneumatosis intestinalis	1.36 (1.23-3.15)	0.04
Ascites	1.40 (0.76-2.58)	0.28
Recent surgery	1.13 (0.54-2.38)	0.74
Intraperitoneal inflammation	1.63 (0.84-3.16)	0.15
Liver cirrhosis	2.44 (1.28-4.68)	0.007

OR: Odd ratio; CI: Confidence interval; DVT: Deep venous thrombosis.