Non-invasive prediction of persistent villous atrophy in celiac disease

Table 3 Comparison of autoantibodies´ positivity, ultrasonography, laboratory and clinical markers in patients with and without villous atrophy, in groups with available parameters

Characteristics	Categories	Villous atrophy
		Yes (%)	No (%)	P value
Autoantibodies aTTG (n = 81)	Positive	9 (50)	9 (14.3)	0.003b
	Negative	9 (50)	54 (85.7)
	Total	18 (100)	63 (100)
Autoantibodies aDGP (n = 78)	Positive	14 (77.8)	15 (25)	< 0.001b
	Negative	4 (22.2)	45 (75)
	Total	18 (100)	60 (100)
Autoantibodies aTTG IgA (n = 81)	Positive	9 (50)	2 (3.2)	< 0.001b
	Negative	9 (50)	61 (96.8)
	Total	18 (100)	63 (100)
Autoantibodies aTTG IgG (n = 81)	Positive	1 (5.6)	7 (11.1)	0.677
	Negative	17 (94.4)	56 (88.9)
	Total	18 (100)	63 (100)
Autoantibodies aDGP IgA (n = 78)	Positive	13 (72.2)	11 (18.3)	< 0.001b
	Negative	5 (27.8)	49 (81.7)
	Total	18 (100)	60 (100)
Autoantibodies aDGP IgG (n = 78)	Positive	11 (61.1)	9 (15)	< 0.001b
	Negative	7 (38.9)	51 (85)
	Total	18 (100)	60 (100)
Ultrasonography (n = 66)	Positive	11 (64.7)	13 (26.5)	0.008b
	Negative	6 (35.3)	36 (73.5)
	Total	17 (100)	49 (100)
Diarrhea (n = 81)	Yes	8 (44.4)	11 (17.5)	0.027a
	No	10 (55.6)	52 (82.5)
	Total	18 (100)	63 (100)
	Yes	4 (22.2)	4 (6.4)	0.068
Weight loss (n = 81)	No	14 (77.8)	59 (93.6)
	Total	18 (100)	63 (100)
Abdominal pain (n = 81)	Yes	3 (16.7)	14 (22.2)	0.751
	No	15 (83.3)	49 (77.8)
	Total	18 (100)	63 (100)
Anemia (n = 80)	Positive	1 (5.6)	8 (12.9)	0.676
	Negative	17 (94.4)	54 (87.1)
	Total	18 (100)	62 (100)
Sideropenia (n = 80)	Positive	4 (22.2)	18 (29)	0.766
	Negative	14 (77.8)	44 (71)
	Total	18 (100)	62 (100)
Vitamin D deficiency (n = 80)	Positive	8 (44.4)	9 (14.5)	0.018a
	Negative	10 (55.6)	53 (85.5)
	Total	18 (100)	62 (100)

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01. aTTG: Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies; aDGP: Anti-deamidated gliadin peptide antibodies.