Role of regenerating islet-derived proteins in inflammatory bowel disease

Table 1 Reported REG expressions in inflammatory bowel disease patients

Ref.	REGs	Samples (size)	Relevant findings
Lawrance et al[38], 2001	REG1α/1β/3α	CD (6) UC (6) control (6)	Increased intestinal REG1α/1β/3α in IBD detected by microarray
Shinozaki et al[39], 2001	REG1α	CD (9) UC (21) control (5 non-IBD, 6 normal)	Increased intestinal REG1α in IBD detected by RT-PCR and ISH
Desjeux et al[40], 2002	REG3α	CD (124) normal control (54)	Increased serum REG3α in active CD detected by ELISA
Dieckgraefe et al[41], 2002	REG1α/1β/3γ	CD (3) UC (5) control (4)	Increased intestinal REG1α/1β/3γ in IBD detected by microarray and IHC
Ogawa et al[12], 2003	REG3α	CD (20) UC (23) control (18)	Increased intestinal REG3α in IBD detected by ISH and Northern blot
Kämäräinen et al[42], 2003	REG4	CD (N/A) UC (N/A)	By ISH and IHC, REG4 constitutively expressed in neuroendocrine cells, and upregulated in inflamed epithelial cells
Gironella et al[43], 2005	REG3α	IBD (171) control (14 non-IBD, 29 normal)	Increased serum REG3α correlated with IBD severity detected by ELISA. Higher REG3α in CD than UC. REG3α localized to colonic Paneth cells
Wu et al[44], 2007	REG1β/REG3α	CD (9) UC (5) control (4)	Increased intestinal REG1β in CD and REG3α in CD and UC detected by microarray
Nanakin et al[45], 2007	REG4	UC (22) normal control (5)	Increased intestinal REG4 in UC detected by RT-PCR, ISH and IHC
Sekikawa et al[46], 2010	REG1α	UC (60) control (10)	Increased intestinal REG1α in UC detected by RT-PCR and IHC
Tanaka et al[47], 2011	REG1α	UC (31) control (5)	Increased intestinal REG1α in UC detected by IHC
Granlund et al[14], 2011	REG1α/1β/3α/4	CD/control (12/21) UC/control (32/34)	Increased intestinal REG1α/1β/3α/4 in IBD detected by microarray. Different cellular localizations of REG1α and REG4 detected by IHC
van Beelen Granlund et al[48], 2013	REG1α/1β/3α/4	CD (N/A) UC (N/A)	By ISH, REG1α/1β/3α localized to Paneth cells in the crypt base, REG4 localized to enteroendocrine cells towards the luminal face
Planell et al[49], 2013	REG1α/4	Microarray: UC (15 active/8 remissive), Non-IBD (13); RT-PCR: UC (8 active/12 remissive), non-IBD (10)	Comparably increased intestinal REG4 in active and remissive UC, and significantly increased REG1α in active UC but not in remissive UC, detected by microarray and RT-PCR
Marafini et al[50], 2014	REG3α	CD (72) UC (22)	Infliximab treatment decreased the high serum REG3α in CD and UC
Nunes et al[51], 2014	REG3α	CD (66) UC (74)	Increased serum REG3α serum in active CD but not UC detected by ELISA
Tsuchida et al[52], 2017	REG1α/1β/3α/4	CD (49) UC (39) control (44)	Increased intestinal REG1α/1β/4 in CD, and REG4 in UC detected by RT-PCR

IHC: Immunohistochemistry; ISH: In situ hybridization; RT-PCR: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. N/A: Not available.