Rifaximin improves survival in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites: A real-world study

Table 3 Changes in the cytokine and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels in patients after treatment in the two groups

	Rifaximin group (n = 26)		Control group (n = 13)		P value
	d0	d15	d0	d15
IL-6 (pg/mL)	29.73 ± 101.82	8. 93 ± 6.13	27.05 ± 45.70	18.75 ± 39.11	0.644
IL-8 (pg/mL)	45.12 ± 91.71	117.47 ± 359.77	31.51 ± 90.82	42.92 ± 128.15	0.557
TNF-α (pg/mL)	3.62 ± 2.22	3.23 ± 1.31	2.79 ± 0.72	3.07 ± 0.83	0.356
MCP-1 (pg/mL)	93.32 ± 49.00	98.41 ± 61.21	86.71 ± 44.14	79.61 ± 39.87	0.481
IP-10 (pg/mL)	187.83 ± 180.08	150.35 ± 126.22	98.53 ± 57.02	228.25 ± 232.65	0.024
LBP (pg/mL)	6140682.77 ± 3478004.74	5828915.42 ± 3761441.65	5784964.46 ± 2841716.75	9792449.77 ± 8492517.57	0.071

The data are given as the mean ± SD. Interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumour necrosis factor alpha, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 suggest an inflammatory response; interferon-inducible protein 10 activates inflammatory cells and probably affects hepatic stellate cells and cirrhosis; and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein reflects the degree of the inflammatory response caused by endotoxin. IL-6: Interleukin-6; IL-8: Interleukin-8; TNF-α: Tumour necrosis factor alpha; MCP-1: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; LBP: Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein. IP-10: Interferon-inducible protein 10.