Prediction of different stages of rectal cancer: Texture analysis based on diffusion-weighted images and apparent diffusion coefficient maps

Table 5 Comparison of extracted features between N0 and N1-2 stage groups of rectal cancers

Method	Features	N0 (n = 63)	N1-2 (n = 52)	P value
DWIb=0	Dissimilarity	0.018 ± 0.015	0.017 ± 0.011	0.2182
	Sum average	2.099 ± 0.067	2.075 ± 0.053	0.0451
	Difference variance	0.151 ± 0.145	0.146 ± 0.181	0.3342
	Information correlation	0.211 ± 0.076	0.206 ± 0.063	0.0522
	Gray level nonuniformity	1.727 ± 0.623	1.559 ± 0.884	0.0391
	Run percentage	0.079 ± 0.022	0.078 ± 0.021	0.0712
	Long run low gray level emphasis	5.943 ± 5.191	5.527 ± 4.137	0.1222
	Run-length nonuniformity	3.082 ± 0.425	3.232 ± 0.493	0.0641
	SymletL	8.301 ± 1.159	7.945 ± 1.279	0.0582
	SymletH	0.487 ± 0.332	0.618 ± 0.349	0.0251
	SymletV	0.348 ± 0.351	0.378 ± 0.346	0.7022
	SymletD	0.158 ± 0.124	0.181 ± 0.449	0.1442
DWIb=000	Dissimilarity	0.021 ± 0.022	0.019 ± 0.012	0.1182
	Sum average	2.131 ± 0.075	2.098 ± 0.066	0.0261
	Difference variance	0.194 ± 0.203	0.192 ± 0.183	0.2912
	Information correlation	0.221 ± 0.053	0.198 ± 0.057	0.0351
	Gray level nonuniformity	1.759 ± 0.639	1.693 ± 0.836	0.0531
	Run percentage	0.081 ± 0.023	0.078 ± 0.022	0.0672
	Long run low gray level emphasis	9.539 ± 7.4371	7.835 ± 5.752	0.0172
	Run-length nonuniformity	3.562 ± 0.4327	3.210 ± 0.442	0.0701
	SymletL	8.837 ± 1.013	8.501 ± 1.264	0.0552
	SymletH	0.260 ± 0.316	0.374 ± 0.339	0.0332
	SymletV	0.314 ± 0.339	0.327 ± 0.248	0.3372
	SymletD	0.101 ± 0.104	0.125 ± 0.157	0.2362
ADC maps	ADCmin	0.645 ± 0.347	0.606 ± 0.539	0.7722
	ADCmax	2.642 ± 0.859	2.423 ± 0.857	0.0111
	ADCmean	1.208 ± 0.515	0.910 ± 0.446	0.0011
	Dissimilarity	0.021 ± 0.012	0.018 ± 0.010	0.4352
	Sum average	2.065 ± 0.062	2.049 ± 0.046	0.1852
	Difference variance	0.199 ± 0.161	0.218 ± 0.153	0.8132
	Information correlation	0.204 ± 0.483	0.182 ± 0.492	0.0211
	Gray level nonuniformity	1.665 ± 0.628	1.545 ± 0.709	0.0721
	Run percentage	0.079 ± 0.023	0.076 ± 0.021	0.0692
	Long run low gray level emphasis	4.470 ± 4.194	4.377 ± 4.385	0.5782
	Run-length nonuniformity	3.185 ± 0.387	3.317 ± 0.367	0.1061
	SymletL	6.902 ± 1.184	6.358 ± 1.555	0.0411
	SymletH	0.502 ± 0.247	0.511 ± 0.245	0.9601
	SymletV	0.510 ± 0.337	0.578 ± 0.338	0.3872
	SymletD	0.270 ± 0.133	0.343 ± 0.224	0.1421

¹Independent samples t-test, data are means ± SD.

²Mann-Whitney U test, data are medians ± interquartile range. DWI: Diffusion-weighted imaging; ADC: Apparent diffusion coefficient.