Development and validation of a prediction model for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 4 Accuracy of the nomogram in predicting the risk of microvascular invasion at the optimal threshold value

Variable	Value (95%CI)
	Training cohort	Validation cohort
Sensitivity, %	77.7 (71.1–84.3)	69.2 (56.3–82.2)
Specificity, %	70.9 (64.2–77.5)	68.3 (56.4–80.1)
Positive predictive value, %	69.7 (62.8–76.6)	64.3 (51.3–77.2)
Negative predictive value, %	78.7 (72.3–85.0)	72.9 (61.2–84.6)
Positive likelihood ratio	2.67 (2.10–3.40)	2.18 (1.45–3.27)
Negative likelihood ratio	0.31 (0.23–0.42)	0.45 (0.30–0.69)
Concordance index	0.79 (0.74–0.84)	0.81 (0.74–0.89)
Predicted probability1	0.40	0.40

¹Predicted probability refers to the optimal cut-off value for microvascular invasion prediction based on the maximum Youden index. CI: Confidence interval.