Non-robotic minimally invasive gastrectomy as an independent risk factor for postoperative intra-abdominal infectious complications: A single-center, retrospective and propensity score-matched analysis

Table 3 Patient characteristics and clinicopathological features by each type of procedure

	Entire cohort (n = 1401)		P value	SD	Propensity-score matched cohort (n = 708)		P value	SD
	RG (n = 359)	LG (n = 1042)			RG (n = 354)	LG (n = 354)
Age (yr)	67 (30–89)	70 (24–93)	< 0.001	0.24	67 (30–89)	66 (24–90)	0.315	0.10
Gender (M:F)	233:126	740:302	0.033	0.12	230:124	230:124	1.000	0
Body mass index (kg/m2)	22.9 (14.3–32.0)	22.2 (14.5–37.3)	0.021	0.12	22.8 (14.3–32.0)	22.4 (14.9–37.3)	0.752	0.03
ASA grade (1:2:3)	160:168:31	340:565:137	< 0.001	0.25	155:168:31	149:174:31	0.905	0.03
History of laparotomy, n (%)	66 (18.4)	197 (18.9)	0.876	0.01	65 (18.4)	59 (16.7)	0.621	0.04
Tumor size (mm)	30 (0–170)	30 (0–180)	0.013	0.14	30 (0–170)	30 (0–180)	0.208	0.09
cT1 (1:2:3:4a)	198:75:56:30	553:189:168:132	0.131	0.04	195:74:55:30	204:70:48:32	0.834	0.05
cN1 (−:+)	287:72	806:236	0.337	0.06	284:70	289:65	0.702	0.04
cStage1 (I:II:III)	249:62:48	690:168:184	0.183	0.07	246:61:47	252:59:43	0.962	0.04
pT1 (1:2:3:4a)	210:36:46:67	587:128:132:195	0.711	0.05	208:36:46:64	213:36:39:66	0.882	0.03
pN1 (0:1:2:3)	249:47:24:39	700:127:113:102	0.145	0.05	246:46:24:38	244:48:18:44	0.72	0.01
pStage1 (I:II:III)	221:80:58	635:200:207	0.200	0.01	219:78:57	224:71:59	0.823	0.03
No. of metastatic LNs	0 (0–43)	0 (0–63)	0.385	0.03	0 (0–43)	0 (0–37)	0.819	0.02
Use of preoperative chemotherapy, n (%)	19 (5.3)	101 (9.7)	0.011	0.17	19 (5.4)	18 (5.1)	> 0.999	0.01
Type of resection (DG:PG:TG)	250:42:67	743:47:252	< 0.001	0.13	248:39:67	252:33:69	0.778	0.01
Extent of lymphadenectomy (D1+:D2)	178:181	589:453	0.023	0.14	175:179	175:179	> 0.999	0
Splenectomy, n (%)	6 (1.7)	34 (3.3)	0.142	0.11	6 (1.7)	7 (2.0)	> 0.999	0.02

¹Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma, 15^th edition. Data are shown as median with range unless otherwise specified. The χ² test was used for between-group comparison of gender, American Society of Anesthesiologist grade, history of laparotomy, cT, cN, cStage, pT, pN, pStage, use of preoperative chemotherapy, type of resection, extent of lymphadenectomy, and splenectomy. The Mann–Whitney U test was applied for between-group comparison of age, body mass index, tumor size, and number of metastatic lymph nodes. RG: Robotic gastrectomy; LG: Laparoscopic gastrectomy; SD: Standardized difference; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologist; LNs: Lymph nodes.