Circulating microRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for hepatitis B virus liver fibrosis

Table 2 Circulating microRNAs in hepatitis B virus infection and their significance for the staging of liver fibrosis

Circulating microRNAs, plasma or serum	Significance for liver disease	Ref.
Upregulated microRNAs
miR-185	↑ in advanced (F3-F4) vs early liver fibrosis (F1-F2); and ↑ in early liver fibrosis vs healthy volunteers; No increase with HBV plasma DNA	Li et al[136]
miR-2861, miR-345-3p, miR-3620, miR-3656, miR-371a-5p, miR-4646-5p, miR-4651, miR-4695, miR-4800-5p, miR-638	Individually ↑ in F1-F4 vs F0; Plasma expression differs between each stage of liver fibrosis	Zhang et al[137]
miR-1, mR-10b-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-96b-5p, miR-133b, miR-455-ep, miR-671-5p	Increase in the serum in F3-F4 liver fibrosis	Singh et al[42]
miR-499-5p	Increases in the serum in F1-F2 stages	Singh et al[42]
miR-106b, miR-181b	Panel for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis due both HBV and non-HBV associated infection	Chen et al44]
Downregulated microRNAs
miR-29	↓ in liver cirrhosis vs healthy controls	Xing et al[138]; Wang et al[106]
miR-223	↓ with the progression of liver fibrosis from F0-F2 to F3-F4	Bao et al[43]; Wang et al[106]
miR-21
miR-143
miR-374
miR-486-3p, miR-497-5p	Individually ↓ in F1-F4 vs F0; Plasma expression differs between each stage of liver fibrosis	Zhang et al[137]
miR-1227-3p	↓ in the serum in F1-F2 stages	Singh et al[42]

↑ means upregulation. ↓ means downregulation. HBV: Hepatitis B virus; miR: MicroRNA.