Serum N-glycan markers for diagnosing liver fibrosis induced by hepatitis B virus

Table 1 Characteristics of 432 hepatitis B virus-infected patients in different fibrosis stages diagnosed by liver biopsy (mean ± SD)

Variables	Fibrosis stage				P value
	F0-F1	F2	F3	F4
Cases, n	95	126	103	108	/
Male, n (%)	62 (65.26)	88 (69.84)	82 (79.61)	89 (82.41)	/
Age (yr)	37.91 ± 10.71	36.52 ± 11.11	41.71 ± 10.01	46.63 ± 9.95	< 0.001c
HBV DNA (IU/mL)	1.26 × 108 ± 3.64 ×108	1.33 × 108 ± 4.01 × 108	6.39 × 107 ± 1.62 × 108	5.63 × 107 ± 1.56 × 108	0.229
AFP (ng/mL)	3.20 ± 3.01	19.37 ± 100.27	12.56 ± 23.25	40.98 ± 160.29	0.118
ALT (IU/L)	42.58 ± 61.49	125.21 ± 211.29	263.82 ± 421.57	115.84 ± 165.90	< 0.001c
AST (IU/L)	30.45 ± 39.36	85.65 ± 171.17	185.61 ± 292.67	92.18 ± 127.81	< 0.001c
GGT (IU/L)	31.59 ± 26.74	42.10 ± 50.37	78.13 ± 107.06	64.47 ± 68.93	< 0.001c
ALP (IU/L)	75.63 ± 21.27	81.56 ± 31.47	109.30 ± 120.10	103.82 ± 41.55	0.002b
PLT (109/L)	206.91 ± 51.14	198.36 ± 55.72	185.36 ± 58.29	134.95 ± 46.41	< 0.001c
Total bilirubin (μmol/L)	13.09 ± 5.30	18.34 ± 16.99	29.93 ± 31.44	22.67 ± 12.60	< 0.001c
Indirect bilirubin (μmol /L)	7.78 ± 4.31	8.40 ± 9.40	13.46 ± 17.05	10.01 ± 7.94	0.003b
Total protein (g/L)	73.46 ± 4.78	73.61 ± 10.53	72.48 ± 11.14	74.44 ± 7.66	0.635
Albumin (g/L)	45.80 ± 3.30	45.44 ± 4.40	45.33 ± 6.51	44.39 ± 5.39	0.320

^bP < 0.01.

^cP < 0.001. Reference values: AST: 8-38 IU/L; ALT: 4-44 IU/L; GGT: 8-64 IU/L; ALP: 40-129 IU/L; AFP: 0-20 μg/L; PLT: 100-300 × 10⁹/L; TB: 5.1-18.8 μmol/L; IB: 0-12 μmol/L; TP: 60-87 g/L; ALB: 34-55 g/L. HBV: Hepatitis B virus; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; PLT: Platelet; GGT: γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase.