Optimized protocol of multiple post-processing techniques improves diagnostic accuracy of multidetector computed tomography in assessment of small bowel obstruction compared with conventional axial and coronal reformations

Table 6 Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of three protocols for assessment of small bowel obstruction

Assessment parameter	Protocol 1		Protocol 2		Protocol 3
	Reader 1	Reader 2	Reader 1	Reader 2	Reader 1	Reader 2
Presence or absence of SBO
Sensitivity	94.4%	96.7%	98.9%	96.7%	97.8%	97.8%
Specificity	93.8%	87.5%	93.8%	100%	93.8%	100%
PPV	98.8%	97.8%	98.9%	100%	98.9%	100%
NPV	75.0%	82.4%	93.8%	84.2%	88.2%	88.9%
Accuracy	94.3%	95.3%	98.1%	97.2%	97.2%	98.1%
Obstruction site
Sensitivity	94.3%	96.4%	98.9%	96.6%	97.7%	97.7%
Specificity	78.9%	63.6%	78.9%	94.1%	78.9%	84.2%
PPV	95.3%	91.0%	95.6%	98.9%	95.5%	96.6%
NPV	75.0%	82.4%	93.8%	84.2%	88.2%	88.9%
Accuracy	91.5%	89.6%	95.3%	96.2%	94.3%	95.3%
Cause
Sensitivity	93.8%	96.3%	98.8%	96.6%	97.6%	97.7%
Specificity	57.7%	53.8%	75.0%	84.2%	71.4%	80.0%
PPV	87.2%	86.5%	94.4%	96.6%	93.3%	95.5%
NPV	75.0%	82.4%	93.8%	84.2%	88.2%	88.9%
Accuracy	84.9%	85.8%	94.3%	94.2%	92.5%	94.3%
Secondary bowel ischemia
Sensitivity	73.7%	71.1%	94.7%	92.1%	89.5%	94.7%
Specificity	95.6%	98.5%	95.6%	97.1%	97.1%	95.6%
PPV	90.3%	96.4%	92.3%	94.6%	94.4%	92.3%
NPV	86.7%	85.9%	97%	95.7%	94.3%	97%
Accuracy	87.7%	88.7%	95.3%	95.3%	94.3%	95.3%

SBO: Small bowel obstruction; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value.