Copyright
©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Gastroenterol. Feb 7, 2019; 25(5): 552-566
Published online Feb 7, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i5.552
Published online Feb 7, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i5.552
Figure 2 Schematic representation of different factors modulating the gut-brain axis.
The microbiota and central nervous system interact in a bidirectional relationship bridged by the gut-brain axis. This axis is also influenced by Immune system, enteric nervous system, hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and vagus nerve. CNS: Central nervous system; ENS: Enteric nervous system; HPA: Hypothalamic-pituitary.
- Citation: Mukhtar K, Nawaz H, Abid S. Functional gastrointestinal disorders and gut-brain axis: What does the future hold? World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25(5): 552-566
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i5/552.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i5.552