Direct costs of carcinoid syndrome diarrhea among adults in the United States

Table 3 Healthcare costs

	CSD (n = 1352), mean (median)	CS only (n = 2691), mean (median)	P value1
Overall expenditures	$105153 ($63033)	$54701 ($16644)	< 0.0001
Hospitalization	$26361 ($0)	$13247 ($0)	0.11
Physician office	$2075 ($1653)	$1452 ($1060)	< 0.0001
Emergency room	$2666 ($192)	$994 ($0)	< 0.0001
Outpatient services	$59258 ($31218)	$32014 ($7735)	< 0.0001
Prescriptions	$14792 ($3401)	$6994 ($1361)	< 0.0001

¹Significance of estimates from the generalized linear model with gamma distribution and log link. Covariates included age (continuous), prior specific cost for that category, charlson comorbidity index, sex, health insurance plan type, region, and metropolitan statistical area. CS: Carcinoid syndrome; CSD: CS diarrhea.