Gastrointestinal discomforts and dietary intake in Chinese urban elders: A cross-sectional study in eight cities of China

doi:10.3748/wjg.v25.i45.6681

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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World J Gastroenterol. Dec 7, 2019; 25(45): 6681-6692
Published online Dec 7, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i45.6681

Table 5 Energy and nutrients intake among Chinese urban elders with different gastrointestinal symptom rating scale scores (n = 688)

Nutrient		GSRS score¹			P value
Nutrient		≤ 17	18-20	≥ 21	P value
Energy	Median (25^th, 75^th) (kcal/d)	1576.0 (1196.3, 1966.7)	1403.9 (1131.1, 1925.4)	1454.7 (1093.4, 1964.1)	0.156
Energy	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	-42.5 (-167.2, 82.2)	-15.2 (-78.7, 48.3)
Protein	Median (25^th, 75^th) (g/d)	51.4 (39.2, 67.7)	46.4 (33.0, 68.1)	47.3 (33.3, 64.4)	0.113
Protein	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	-1.1 (-6.4, 4.2)	-0.9 (-3.5, 1.7)
Fat	Median (25^th, 75^th) (g/d)	49.9 (36.7, 74.0)	48.0 (34.1, 64.6)	47.3 (33.6, 69.5)	0.183
Fat	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	-4.3 (-9.9, 1.4)	-1.6 (-4.6, 1.3)
Carbonhydrate	Median (25^th, 75^th) (g/d)	212.8 (159.9, 284.5)	208.7 (152.0, 279.3)	197.8 (140.0, 291.3)	0.341
Carbonhydrate	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	0.8 (-20.7, 22.3)	-0.7 (-11.9, 10.5)
Fiber	Median (25^th, 75^th) (g/d)	8.7 (6.4, 13.2)	8.7 (6.0, 13.9)	8.4 (5.5, 12.6)	0.245
Fiber	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	0.5 (-1.4, 2.4)	-0.2 (-1.1, 0.7)
Vitamin B1	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	0.8 (0.6, 1.1)	0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	0.8 (0.5, 1.2)	0.849
Vitamin B1	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	-0.3 (-1.2, 0.6)	0.1 (-0.5, 0.7)
Vitamin B2	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	0.7 (0.5, 1.1)	0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	0.7 (0.4, 1.1)	0.689
Vitamin B2	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	-0.2 (-1.1, 0.7)	0.1 (-0.5, 0.7)
Niacin	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	10.4 (7.7, 14.5)	10.3 (7.4, 15.5)	10.0 (6.8, 14.6)	0.291
Niacin	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	-0.3 (-2.0, 1.5)	-0.1 (-1.1, 0.9)
Vitamin B6	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	0.5 (0.3, 0.7)	0.5 (0.3, 0.8)	0.5 (0.3, 0.7)	0.195
Vitamin B6	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	0.0 (-0.1, 0.1)	-0.0 (-0.1, 0.1)
Vitamin C	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	61.5 (32.0, 108.0)	64.5 (33.9, 110.7)	57.9(25.2, 95.6)	0.380
Vitamin C	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	23.0 (-33.5, 79.5)	-4.7 (-13.9, 4.6)
Vitamin A	Median (25^th, 75^th) (μg/d)	229.2 (130.9, 360.9)	232.1 (102.9, 377.9)	196.7 (94.8, 355.4)	0.228
Vitamin A	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	-153.2 (-416.7, 110.3)	-93.0 (-222.7, 36.7)
Vitamin E	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	20.6 (13.1, 32.0)	19.2 (13.1, 31.5)	20.2 (12.6, 32.5)	0.825
Vitamin E	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	-0.6 (-4.1, 2.9)	0.5 (-1.5, 2.5)
Calcium	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg /d)	361.8 (212.6, 396.1)	339.7 (192.6, 571.0)	376.8 (211.5, 608.6)	0.440
Calcium	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	-30.3 (-99.7, 39.2)	18.2 (-23.3, 59.7)
Phosphorus	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	807.4 (626.6, 122.5)	739.5 (575.9, 1037.9)	753.1 (555.3, 1015.3)	0.179
Phosphorus	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	-9.5 (-86.3, 67.3)	-9.5 (-47.6, 28.6)
Potassium	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	1429.7 (1045.8, 1906.6)	1349.8 (982.0, 1942.8)	1262.4 (985.9, 1745.3)	0.070
Potassium	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	53.9 (-119.4, 227.2)	-47.1 (-123.5, 29.2)
Sodium	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	3833.3 (2650.7, 5167.8)	4022.7 (2664.9, 5168.9)	3859.7 (2834.8, 5101.9)	0.874
Sodium	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	-441.2 (-1237.1, 354.7)	-251.0 (-643.4, 141.4)
Magnesium	Median (25^th,75^th) (mg/d)	229.0 (180.2, 329.2)	224.5 (155.6, 313.8)	226.8 (160.2, 325.5)	0.442
Magnesium	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	23.8 (-14.1, 61.7)	0.8 (-12.4, 14.0)
Iron	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	16.8 (12.8, 22.1)	15.5 (11.4, 22.4)	15.5 (11.8, 22.4)	0.195
Iron	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	1.5 (-3.0, 6.0)	0.4 (-1.1, 1.8)
Zinc	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	8.8 (6.7, 11.4)	8.3 (6.0, 11.4)	8.2 (6.2, 11.2)	0.440
Zinc	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	6.3 (-4.6, 17.1)	0.0 (-0.6, 0.6)
Selenium	Median (25^th, 75^th) (μg/d)	34.4 (22.4, 47.1)	30.6 (20.4, 48.5)	31.5 (22.2, 46.3)	0.482
Selenium	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	4.7 (-14.1, 23.6)	0.9 (-5.3, 7.0)
Copper	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	1.5 (1.1, 2.2)	1.5 (1.1, 2.2)	1.4 (1.0, 2.1)	0.512
Copper	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	0.3 (-0.1, 0.6)	-0.0 (-0.1, 0.1)
Manganese	Median (25^th, 75^th) (mg/d)	4.6 (3.4, 6.3)	4.4 (0.3, 6.6)	4.3 (2.8, 6.3)	0.201
Manganese	Adjusted OR (95%CI)²	Ref.	0.7 (-0.9, 2.3)	-0.0 (-0.3, 0.3)

¹The total gastrointestinal symptom rating scale score was divided into three groups according to the tertiles.

²The linear regression was performed and adjusted for gender, education level, and family income. GSRS: Gastrointestinal symptom rating scale; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

Citation: Zhao A, Wang MC, Szeto IMY, Meng LP, Wang Y, Li T, Zhang YM. Gastrointestinal discomforts and dietary intake in Chinese urban elders: A cross-sectional study in eight cities of China. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25(45): 6681-6692
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i45/6681.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i45.6681