Gasdermin D-mediated hepatocyte pyroptosis expands inflammatory responses that aggravate acute liver failure by upregulating monocyte chemotactic protein 1/CC chemokine receptor-2 to recruit macrophages

Figure 4 Gasdermin D knockout dramatically eliminates inflammatory damage in the liver and improves survival in D-galactose/lipopolysaccharide-induced acute liver failure mice. A: Survival curve; B: Changes in liver tissue appearance; C: Alanine aminotransferase, international normalized ratio, and blood ammonia in mice; D: Pathological examination of the liver by haematoxylin and eosin staining. Scale bars = 100 µm; E: Ishak score of the liver tissue pathology. Data are presented as the mean ± square error. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, and ^eP < 0.001. WT: Wild type; GSDMD-/-: Gasdermin D genetic knockout; D-Galn/LPS: D-galactose/lipopolysaccharide; PBS: Phosphate buffer saline; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; INR: International normalized ratio; H and E: Haematoxylin and eosin.