Metabolic syndrome attenuates ulcerative colitis: Correlation with interleukin-10 and galectin-3 expression

Figure 3 Systemic and local cytokine profile of ulcerative colitis patients according to metabolic syndrome. A: Interleukin-17 (IL-17) were measured by ELISA in the sera of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients without and with metabolic syndrome (MetS). B: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured by ELISA in the sera of UC patients without and with MetS. C: Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA in the sera of UC patients without and with MetS. D: sTNF-α/IL-10, sIL-6/IL-10 and sIL-17/IL-10 ratios were evaluated for each patient, separately. E: Concentration of fecal Galectin-3 (Gal-3) was determined in UC patients without and with MetS. F: Ratio of fGal-3/TNF-α and fGal-3/IL-17 in UC patients according to MetS was evaluated for each patient, separately. Patients with UC were divided into two groups: without and with metabolic syndrome (negative "-" or positive "+"). The Student’s t or Mann-Whitney U test was applied as appropriate to evaluate statistical significant differences. TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor α; IL-17: Interleukin-17; IL-10: Interleukin-10; Gal-3: Galectin-3.