Prebiotic UG1601 mitigates constipation-related events in association with gut microbiota: A randomized placebo-controlled intervention study

Figure 2 Changes in the serum cluster of differentiation 14 and lipopolysaccharide concentrations after 4 wk of intervention. A and C: Changes in the serum cluster of differentiation (CD) 14 after 4 wk of intervention; B and D: Changes in the serum cluster of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentrations after 4 wk of intervention. After 4 wk of intervention, the concentrations of serum CD 14 and LPS were significantly reduced in the prebiotics group. Bar charts show the mean ± standard error of the mean. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.001. Significantly different from the values at placebo or baseline, using the Student’s t-test or paired t-test. CD: Cluster of differentiation; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide.