CARMA3/NF-κB signaling contributes to tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma and is inhibited by sodium aescinate

Figure 3 Regulation of CARMA3 expression has effects on capacities of proliferation, colony formation, and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. A: CARMA3 regulated the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) (p65) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells; B: MTT assay showed that overexpression of CARMA3 promoted proliferation, while reducing CARMA3 expression suppressed proliferation in HCC cells; C: Flow cytometry analysis showed that increasing CARMA3 inhibited early apoptosis in HCC cells, while downregulation of CARMA3 enhanced early apoptosis; D: Colony formation assay showed that CARMA3 increased colony formation number, while CARMA3 knockdown decreased colony formation number (^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001 vs control).