Clostridium butyricum alleviates intestinal low-grade inflammation in TNBS-induced irritable bowel syndrome in mice by regulating functional status of lamina propria dendritic cells

Figure 5 Effects of Clostridium butyricum on the expression of Tim3 and inflammatory cytokines in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. LPS stimulated the proliferation and activation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). The expression of CD11c+CD80+ BMDCs and CD11c+Tim3+ BMDCs was significantly higher than that of the immature BMDCs group by flow cytometry (A-D). The inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-6 detected by ELISA were also significantly elevated (E-F). Tim3 was highly expressed in mature activated BMDCs. Different forms of probiotics were co-cultured and stimulated with LPS. The expression of Tim3 was down-regulated with the decrease of inflammatory factors. It can be seen that Tim3 is the key point to regulate the activation of DCs. Clostridium butyricum can alter the activation status and function of DCs by regulating the expression of Tim3. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.05, ^cP < 0.05 vs ImBMDC group, BDMC group, and BDMC + LPS group, respectively. BMDCs: Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.