Allyl isothiocyanate ameliorates lipid accumulation and inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via the Sirt1/AMPK and NF-κB signaling pathways

Figure 5 Allyl isothiocyanate downregulates the mRNA levels of genes involved in lipogenesis, upregulates the mRNA levels of genes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation and activates the Sirtuin 1/AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in vitro. A: Palmitate acid (PA) (200 μmol/L)-stimulated AML-12 cells were treated with allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) (20 μmol/L) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (vehicle) for 6 h (n = 3/group). The mRNA levels of sterol regulatory element­binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and its lipogenesis target genes, including stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), were determined. B: PA (200 μmol/L)-stimulated AML-12 cells were treated with AITC (20 μmol/L) or DMSO (vehicle) for 24 h. The protein expression of Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), total and phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) was detected by western blot analysis. C: PA (200 μmol/L)-stimulated AML-12 cells were treated with AITC (20 μmol/L) or DMSO (vehicle) for 24 h. The protein level of proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator1α (PGC1α), which is involved in fatty acid β-oxidation, was detected by western blot analysis. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 vs PA(+) AITC(-). PA: Palmitate acid; AITC: Allyl isothiocyanate; PGC1α: Proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α; SREBP1: Sterol regulatory element­binding protein 1; SCD1: Stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1; FAS: Fatty acid synthase; ACC1: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1; Sirt1: Sirtuin 1; AMPKα: AMP-activated protein kinase α; p-AMPKα: Phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase α.