Autoantibodies: Potential clinical applications in early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma

Table 4 Diagnostic performance of tumor-associated autoantibody panel in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Target antigen of auto-anti-bodies	Authors, year	ESCC cases, n	Stage, n					Con-trols, n	Sensiti-vity, all stages/ early stage	Specifi-city, all stages/ early stage	AUC, all stages/ early stage	Method
			0/I	II	III	IV	Unknown
c-Myc, HCCR, IMP1, Koc, p53 and p62	Zhang et al[55], 2016	324 (Train-ing)	5/13	130	50	39	87	324 (Train-ing)	67.9%/ 66.9%	86.7%/ 86.7%	0.838/ 0.829	ELISA
		186 (Valida-tion)	1	29	14	46	96	186 (Valida-tion)	67.7%/ 56.7%	85.5%/ 85.5%	0.859/ 0.818	ELISA
c-Myc, HCCR, p53 and p62	Zhang et al[55], 2016	324 (Train-ing)	5/13	130	50	39	87	324 (Train-ing)	67.6%/ 67.6%	86.4%/ 86.4%	0.838/ 0.831	ELISA
		186 (Valida-tion)	1	29	14	46	96	186 (Valida-tion)	72.0%/ 63.3%	85.0%/ 85.0%	0.872/ 0.837	ELISA
MAGEA4, CTAG1, TP53, SDCCAG8 and ERBB2_C	Werner et al[101], 2016	31	-	-	-	-	31	321	26.0%/-	88.5%/-	-	Bead-based multiplex serology
p53 and MDM2	Chai et al[68], 2014	157	-	-	-	-	157	85	35.0%/-	98.8%/-	-	ELISA
p53, pl6, Imp-l, CyclinB1, c-Myc, RalA, p62, Survivin, Koc, Cyclin D1 and Cyclin E	Qin et al[58], 2014	174	3/8	79	52	18	-	242	75.3%/-	81.0%/-	0.78/-	ELISA
p53, NY-ESO-1, MMP-7, Hsp70, PRDX 6 and Bmi-1	Xu et al[43], 2014	388 (Test)	2/29	96	229	27	5	125 (Test)	57.0%/ 45.0%	95.0%/ 95.0%	-	ELISA
		237 (Valida-tion)	2/31	114	90	-	-	134 (Valida-tion)	51.0%/ 46.0%	96.0%/ 96.0%	-	ELISA
p53, NY-ESO-1, Hsp70 and PRDX 6	Xu et al[43], 2014	388 (Test)	2/29	96	229	27	5	125 (Test)	55.0%/ 45.0%	98.0%/ 98.0%	-	ELISA
		237 (Valida-tion)	2/31	114	90	-	-	134 (Valida-tion)	48.0%/ 45.0%	96.0%/ 96.0%	-	ELISA
p53, IMP1, P16, Cyclin B1, P62, and C-myc	Zhou et al[44], 2014	88	-	-	-	-	88	200	64.0%/-	94.0%/-	0.78/-	ELISA
HSP105 and TIM	Gao et al[51], 2014	46	7	-	-	-	39	40	54.3%/-	95.0%/-	0.823/-	Western blot
p16, c-Myc and p53	Looi et al[67], 2006	71	-	-	-	-	71	82	7%/-	100%/-	-	ELISA
SURF1, LOC146223, HOOK2 and AGENCOURT_7565913	Shimada et al[50], 2005	21	-	3	13	5	-	37	86%/-	100%/-	-	ELISA
Survivin, p53 and C-myc	Meglio-rino et al[59], 2005	77	-	-	-	-	77	82	29.9%/-	95.1%/-	-	ELISA

ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; AUC: Area under the curve; C-Myc: MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor; HCCR: LETM1 domain containing 1; IMP1: Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1; Koc: Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3; MAGEA4: MAGE family member A4; CTAG1: Cancer/testis antigen 1B; SDCCAG8: Serologically defined colon cancer antigen 8; ERBB2: Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2; MDM2: MDM2 proto-oncogene; HSP105: Heat shock protein family H (Hsp110) member 1; TIM: Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5; SURF1: SURF1 cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor; HOOK2: Hook microtubule tethering protein 2.