Impact of national Human Development Index on liver cancer outcomes: Transition from 2008 to 2018

Table 1 Comparisons of Human Development Index and age-standardized incidence rates, mortality rates, and mortality-to-incidence values for liver cancer between 2008 and 2018

	2008				2018				Transitions in a decade
Country	HDI	ASI	ASM	MIR	HDI	ASI	ASM	MIR	ΔHDI	ΔASI	ΔASM	ΔMIR
Argentina	0.786	3.4	3.2	0.958	0.825	3.6	3.2	0.889	0.039	0.24	-0.02	-0.069
Australia	0.924	3.5	2.7	0.764	0.939	5.7	4.8	0.842	0.015	2.23	2.15	0.078
Austria	0.876	5.1	4.4	0.856	0.908	5.4	4.3	0.796	0.032	0.32	-0.05	-0.060
Bahrain	0.806	4.7	4.7	0.994	0.846	3.4	3.3	0.971	0.040	-1.29	-1.36	-0.023
Bangladesh	0.484	3.8	3.8	0.992	0.608	2.2	2	0.909	0.124	-1.6	-1.77	-0.083
Botswana	0.624	2.8	2.7	0.964	0.717	3.9	3.8	0.974	0.093	1.12	1.12	0.010
Brazil	0.705	4.9	4.8	0.973	0.759	4.7	4.4	0.936	0.054	-0.19	-0.36	-0.037
Canada	0.903	3.3	2.9	0.870	0.926	5.3	4.5	0.849	0.023	1.98	1.61	-0.021
Chile	0.796	4.5	4.4	0.962	0.843	5.4	4.9	0.907	0.047	0.88	0.55	-0.055
China	0.665	25.7	23.7	0.922	0.752	18.3	17.1	0.934	0.087	-7.37	-6.58	0.012
Costa Rica	0.737	5.4	5.2	0.972	0.794	6.3	5.6	0.889	0.057	0.92	0.37	-0.083
Cuba	0.767	4.2	4.1	0.969	0.777	3.8	3.3	0.868	0.010	-0.38	-0.75	-0.100
Czech Republic	0.864	4.3	3.9	0.915	0.888	4.2	3.2	0.762	0.024	-0.06	-0.7	-0.154
Denmark	0.891	3.1	2.8	0.907	0.929	4.9	4.2	0.857	0.038	1.77	1.36	-0.050
Dominican Republic	0.677	8.7	8.2	0.948	0.736	6.5	5.8	0.892	0.059	-2.18	-2.43	-0.056
Egypt	0.633	9.3	9.1	0.981	0.696	32.2	31.8	0.988	0.063	22.95	22.73	0.007
El Salvador	0.668	5.2	5.2	0.992	0.674	6.7	6.5	0.970	0.006	1.47	1.31	-0.022
Fiji	0.684	6.9	6.7	0.965	0.741	8.3	8.2	0.988	0.057	1.4	1.54	0.023
France (metropolitan)	0.879	6.0	5.8	0.962	0.901	7.8	6.3	0.808	0.022	1.81	0.54	-0.154
Georgia	0.722	5.8	5.5	0.958	0.780	5.4	5.2	0.963	0.058	-0.37	-0.33	0.005
Germany	0.902	4.0	3.4	0.831	0.936	4.2	3.8	0.905	0.034	0.17	0.45	0.073
Greece	0.862	8.4	5.7	0.684	0.870	5.7	4.5	0.789	0.008	-2.65	-1.21	0.106
Guatemala	0.568	15.7	15.6	0.991	0.650	14.9	14.5	0.973	0.082	-0.84	-1.1	-0.018
Guinea	0.34	25.3	25.1	0.992	0.459	21.8	19.5	0.894	0.119	-3.49	-5.58	-0.097
Haiti	0.445	7.1	7.0	0.976	0.498	8.1	7.8	0.963	0.053	0.98	0.85	-0.013
Honduras	0.619	14.3	14.2	0.994	0.617	5.7	5.4	0.947	-0.002	-8.6	-8.81	-0.046
India	0.527	2.2	2.0	0.927	0.640	2.2	2	0.909	0.113	0.01	-0.03	-0.018
Indonesia	0.598	6.7	6.6	0.976	0.694	7.6	7.5	0.987	0.096	0.89	0.95	0.011
Italy	0.871	8.6	6.6	0.772	0.880	7.9	5.7	0.722	0.009	-0.69	-0.93	-0.050
Japan	0.896	11.2	9.2	0.815	0.909	7.6	5.4	0.711	0.013	-3.64	-3.76	-0.104
Kazakhstan	0.729	7.3	7.3	0.999	0.800	5.6	5	0.893	0.071	-1.73	-2.32	-0.106
Korea, Republic of	0.886	23.5	17.0	0.726	0.903	17.3	11.8	0.682	0.017	-6.17	-5.23	-0.044
Kyrgyzstan	0.611	8.2	8.2	0.993	0.672	9.5	8.7	0.916	0.061	1.27	0.53	-0.077
Libya	0.759	3.4	3.3	0.976	0.706	4.1	3.3	0.805	-0.053	0.75	0.0	-0.171
Lithuania	0.806	2.5	2.4	0.955	0.858	3.8	3.3	0.868	0.052	1.3	0.94	-0.087
Luxembourg	0.867	6.6	5.8	0.875	0.904	6.5	4.4	0.677	0.037	-0.1	-1.4	-0.198
Mexico	0.761	6.3	6.2	0.998	0.774	5.4	5.1	0.944	0.013	-0.85	-1.14	-0.054
Mongolia	0.641	94.4	79.9	0.847	0.741	93.7	75.4	0.805	0.100	-0.7	-4.51	-0.042
Nepal	0.443	1.4	1.4	0.964	0.574	1.1	1	0.909	0.131	-0.3	-0.35	-0.055
New Zealand	0.904	3.5	2.6	0.733	0.917	5.8	3.9	0.672	0.013	2.32	1.35	-0.060
Nicaragua	0.583	8.9	8.9	0.994	0.658	10.5	9.9	0.943	0.075	1.58	1.03	-0.052
Norway	0.941	1.8	1.3	0.714	0.953	3.4	2.9	0.853	0.012	1.58	1.6	0.139
Pakistan	0.495	2.5	2.5	0.988	0.562	3.1	3	0.968	0.067	0.6	0.53	-0.020
Panama	0.758	4.0	4.0	0.988	0.789	4.8	4.6	0.958	0.031	0.76	0.61	-0.029
Peru	0.712	7.2	7.2	0.990	0.750	6.6	6.3	0.955	0.038	-0.63	-0.86	-0.036
Philippines	0.635	10.6	10.0	0.940	0.699	11.5	11.4	0.991	0.064	0.91	1.45	0.052
Portugal	0.802	2.2	2.1	0.955	0.847	5.4	5.2	0.963	0.045	3.2	3.1	0.008
Qatar	0.825	6.5	6.5	0.994	0.856	4.1	4	0.976	0.031	-2.42	-2.48	-0.018
Saudi Arabia	0.76	3.6	3.6	0.975	0.853	4.5	4.2	0.933	0.093	0.86	0.65	-0.042
Singapore	0.855	10.2	9.0	0.890	0.932	12.3	11.4	0.927	0.077	2.15	2.37	0.037
Slovenia	0.875	4.7	4.6	0.972	0.896	5.8	5	0.862	0.021	1.08	0.41	-0.110
South African Republic	0.608	9.5	9.4	0.986	0.699	5	4.8	0.960	0.091	-4.54	-4.61	-0.026
Spain	0.871	5.8	4.6	0.797	0.891	6.5	4.7	0.723	0.020	0.68	0.06	-0.074
Sri Lanka	0.676	1.6	1.5	0.956	0.770	2.7	2.2	0.815	0.094	1.12	0.69	-0.141
Sudan	0.399	3.9	3.9	0.992	0.502	3.8	3.7	0.974	0.103	-0.12	-0.19	-0.019
Switzerland	0.892	4.9	3.8	0.784	0.944	4.8	4.1	0.854	0.052	-0.05	0.3	0.071
Tajikistan	0.597	4.9	4.9	0.992	0.650	4.7	4.4	0.936	0.053	-0.22	-0.48	-0.056
Thailand	0.672	29.7	25.4	0.856	0.755	21	20.9	0.995	0.083	-8.67	-4.51	0.139
Turkey	0.691	2.5	2.4	0.968	0.791	4.5	4.4	0.978	0.100	2.01	1.99	0.010
Turkmenistan	0.671	7.4	7.3	0.980	0.706	6	5.6	0.933	0.035	-1.43	-1.68	-0.046
United Kingdom	0.86	3.0	2.6	0.882	0.922	5.1	4	0.784	0.062	2.14	1.39	-0.097
United States of America	0.907	4.5	3.6	0.799	0.924	6.8	4.9	0.721	0.017	2.33	1.33	-0.078
Uzbekistan	0.624	4.8	4.7	0.992	0.710	5.6	4.7	0.839	0.086	0.82	-0.04	-0.152
Venezuela	0.73	3.7	3.7	0.992	0.761	3.6	3.5	0.972	0.031	-0.11	-0.18	-0.020

A total of 64 countries with age-standardized incidence rate, age-standardized mortality rate, and age-standardized mortality-to-incidence ratio available in both years. HDI: Human Development Index; ASI: Age-standardized incidence rate; ASM: Age-standardized mortality rate; MIR: Age-standardized mortality-to-incidence ratio.