Copyright
©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 14, 2019; 25(30): 4181-4198
Published online Aug 14, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i30.4181
Published online Aug 14, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i30.4181
Table 1 Nutritional supplements tested in dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis (all studies refer to mice unless otherwise stated)
Product | Active compound | Effects on barrier function and mechanism | Ref. |
Long chain fatty acid | 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid (HYA) | Preserves stability and expression of occludin and ZO-1 Decreases acute inflammation induced by TNF-α and increases expression of GPR40 HYA decreases expression of TNFR2 by GPR40-MEK-ERK signaling pathway | [40] |
Short chain fatty acid | Propionate | Stabilizes intercellular junctions and avoid down-regulation of ZO-1, occludin and E-cadherin Reduces acute inflammation Inhibits production of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α Reduces neutrophil recruitment Inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation | [41] |
Terpenoid | Oleanolic acid | Stabilizes intercellular junctions and avoid down-regulation of ZO-1, occludin and E-cadherin Modulates inflammatory response suppressing Th17 cell differentiation Promotes expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 Inhibits activation of NF-κB and IL-17 expression | [42] |
Scavenger enzymes | NAC/L-NAME | Protects against disruption of intercellular junctions Decreases oxidative stress mediated by intracellular calcium. Decreases activation of JNK and c-Src preventing ZO-1 phosphorylation | [19,20] |
Peptides | Chromofungin | Prevents down-regulation of claudin-1, ZO-1 and Ecadherin Decreases acute inflammation Decreases expression of IL-18 Increases expression of IL-10 Promotes IL-10, Arg1, Fizz1, and Ym1 expression, and the release of IL-10 Promotes arginase activity probably through p38 MAP kinase or STAT1 | [43] |
Catestin | Maintains expression of claudin-1, ZO-1 and occludin Protects against inflammation induced by DSS Decreases expression of IL-8 and IL-18 Decreases activation of STAT-3 signaling pathway | [45] | |
Substance P | Maintains expression of ZO-1 and E-cadherin Reduces inflammation and damage induces by DSS Decreased apoptosis and inflammation via Neurokinin-1 receptor | [46] | |
Porcine β-defensin 2 | Decreases paracellular flux Preserves expression of ZO-1, ZO-2 and claudin-1. Decreases production of NO synthetase and COX-2 Decreases expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 Reduces apoptosis and neutrophil infiltration Inhibits the activation of NF-κB | [47] | |
8-kDa antrum mucosal protein | Strengthens the formation of intercellular barrier by promoting the assembly of ZO-1, ZO-2 and JAM-A Ameliorates UC symptoms Promotes the phosphorylation PKCζ and recruitment of the Par6/Cdc42∙GTP/ECT2/Par3 complex | [48,49] | |
Vitamin D | 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] | Restores epithelial barrier function and expression of ZO-1, occludin and claudin-1 Modulates inflammation turning M1 into M2 macrophage responses Reduces the expression of TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-1β | [34,37,38] |
Corabion | Vitamin C, vitamin E, L-arginine | Preserves ZO-1 and E-cadherin expression Decreases inflammation Reduces production of IL-1, IL-6, INF-γ and KC | [39] |
Compatible solutes | Ectoine, Homoectoine | Decreases Evans blue permeability Increases expression of ZO-1 and occludin Prevents claudin-1 to claudin-2 switch Decreases ROS production | [50] |
Exopolysaccharides | Streptococcus thermophilus MN-BM-A01 | Increases expression of claudin-1 and occludin | [51] |
Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 | Increases expression of ZO-1, occludin, claudin-4 and Hsp27 | [52] | |
Lucilia sericata larvae | Maggot protein | Upregulation of MUC2 gene Increases expression of ZO-1 and occludin | [53] |
Periplaneta americana | Ethanol extract | Increases expression of ZO-1, occludin and claudin-1 | [54] |
Donkey milk | Lysozyme | Increases expression of ZO-1 and occludin Decreases expression of claudin-2 | [55] |
Naringenin | Polyphenol | Decreases FITC-Dextran permeability Decreases LPS-binding protein levels in plasma Increases expression of occludin, JAM-A and claudin-3 Normalizes the colonic localization of occludin and claudin-3 proteins | [56] |
Naringin | Flavonoid | Increases expression of ZO-1 Decreases NF-ĸB signaling pathway Regulation of PPARγ activation Inhibition of the MAPK activation Suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activity | [57] |
Red raspberries | Polyphenol | Increases mRNA expression of MUC2 Reduces pore forming TJ protein claudin-2 Increases ZO-1 and claudin-3 proteins Decreases NF-ĸB p65 phosphorylation Activates AMPK | [58] |
Phlorentin | Flavonoid | Increases the expression of ZO-1 and occludin Inhibition of serum LPS levels Inhibits oxidative stress Decreases TLR4 expression Increases PPARγ expression Decreases NLRP3 inflammasome pathway (NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1 and IL-1β protein expression) Suppression of NF-ĸB activation | [59] |
Formomentin | Isoflavone | Increases ZO-1, claudin-1 and occludin protein expression Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway (NLRP3, IL-1β and ASC protein expression) | [60] |
Phellinus igniarius fruiting body | Polyphenols and polysaccharides | Increases mRNA levels of ZO-1 protein Decreases LPS plasma levels Inhibition of NF-ĸB pathway Decreases the transcription of ASC3 and caspase-1 pathway | [63] |
Barley and soybean mixture | Isoflavone β-glucan | Increases ZO-1, claudin-1 and occludin protein expression and improves their localization Reduces FITC-Dextran serum levels Prevents bacterial translocation into the MLNs Anti-inflammatory activity | [64] |
Evodia rutaecarpa | Alkaloid extract (Evodiamine) | Increases ZO-1, occludin and MUC2 expression Decreases plasmatic levels of LPS Decreases NF-ĸB signaling pathway Down-regulation of NRLP3, ASC, caspase-1 and IL-1β protein expression | [65] |
Salvia miltorrhiza Bunge | Water-soluble-phenolic acid | Increases ZO-1 and occludin expression in rat colons | [66] |
Magnolia officianalis | Magnolol | Increases ZO-1 and occludin protein expression Decreases NF-ĸB signaling pathway and regulation of PPAR-γ expression | [67] |
Artemisia argy and Artemisia asiatica | Ethanol extract. Flavonoid (Eupatilin) | Increases occludin and ZO-1 protein expression Decreases NOX4 protein expression Down-regulation of NF-ĸB/MAPK signaling pathway Increases AMPK activation | [68] |
QingBai Decoction | Decreases FITC-Dextran permeability Increases MUC2, ZO-1, claudin-1 and occludin protein expression Increases the number of Ki67 positive cells Decreases active caspase-3 expression Inhibits Notch and NF-ĸB signaling pathway | [70] | |
Zanthoxylum bungeanum | Essencial oil (Terpinen-4-ol) | Increases ZO-1 and occludin protein expression Decreases NF-ĸB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation | [71] |
Alnus japonica Steud | Ethanol extract. | Increases of ZO-1 and occludin expression Increases HO-1 expression | [75] |
Pogostemon cablin Benth | Aqueous extract: Patchouli alcohol | Increases expression of MUC1, MUC2, claudin-1, occludin, ZO-1 and ZO-2 Down-regulation of apoptosis Suppresses tryptophan catabolism | [76] |
Rhizoma Coptidis | Berberine Berberrubine | Upregulates gene expression of MUC1 and MUC2 Increases ZO-1, ZO-2, claudin-1 and occludin protein expression Decreases the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio | [77] |
Moringa oleifera | Flavonoids, phenolic acids and glucosinolates | Increases expression of ZO-1 and claudin-1 Upregulates GSTP1 and Nrf2-mediated phase II detoxifying enzyme | [78] |
Wasabia japonica | Glucosinolates, isothiocyanate. | Increases MUC2 and ZO-1 expression Regulation of ERK pathway | [79] |
Acer palmatum Thumb | Ethanol extract (KIOM-2015E) | Increases ZO-1 and occludin expression | [80] |
Guar gum | Galactomannan | Upregulates ZO-1, occludin, JAM-A, claudin-3, -4 and -7 protein expression Decreases plasmatic levels of LBP | [83] |
- Citation: Vargas-Robles H, Castro-Ochoa KF, Citalán-Madrid AF, Schnoor M. Beneficial effects of nutritional supplements on intestinal epithelial barrier functions in experimental colitis models in vivo. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25(30): 4181-4198
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i30/4181.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i30.4181