Mucosal healing progression after acute colitis in mice

Table 3 Histological analysis scoring of inflammatory and healing parameters

Parameter	d7	d10	d10 vs d7	d13	d13 vs d10	d28	d28 vs d7	Statistical effect (time)
Inflammatory score	12.8 ± 0.8	9.3 ± 1.4b	↓	8.4 ± 1.3b	-	4.4 ± 1.7bcd	↓	< 0.001
Goblet cell depletion	2.27 ± 0.24	1.83 ± 0.21	-	1.08 ± 0.26bc	↓	0.88 ± 0.30bc	↓	< 0.001
Ulceration and erosion	2.09 ± 0.29	1.34 ± 0.31	-	1.17 ± 0.27	-	0.63 ± 0.32bcd	↓	< 0.001
Crypt damage	2.72 ± 0.19	1.58 ± 0.34b	↓	1.25 ± 0.30b	-	1.25 ± 0.45b	↓	< 0.001
Edema	2.09 ± 0.09	1.25 ± 0.22b	↓	1.42 ± 0.23b	-	0.0 ± 0.0bcd	↓	< 0.001
Inflammatory infiltrate (mononuclear cells)	1.91 ± 0.27	1.83 ± 0.30	-	1.75 ± 0.18	-	1.40 ± 0.33bcd	-	< 0.001
Inflammatory infiltrate (neutrophils)	1.73 ± 0.13	1.50 ± 0.29	-	1.75 ± 0.19	-	0.63 ± 0.32bcd	↓	< 0.001
Epithelial repair score	0.82 ± 0.22	2.83 ± 0.42b	↑	3.25 ± 0.43b	-	3.25 ± 0.25b	↑	< 0.001
Gland hyperplasia and presence of mitotic cells	0.0 ± 0.0	0.83 ± 0.24b	↑	0.92 ± 0.26b	-	0.88 ± 0.35b	↑	< 0.001
Re-epithelialization	0.54 ± 0.16	0.58 ± 0.15	-	0.58 ± 0.15	-	0.63 ± 0.33	-	NS
Crypt repair	0.27 ± 0.19	1.42 ± 0.34b	↑	1.75 ± 0.30b	-	1.75 ± 0.45b	↑	< 0.001

Hematoxylin-and-eosin stained colonic sections were coded for blind microscopic assessment by an external histological platform (Histalim, Montpellier, France), and microscopic changes were qualitatively described and scored using a severity scale (0 to 3). Measurements were performed at peak colitis (day 7) and during colitis resolution (day 10, day 13 and day 28). Values are means ± SE (n = 8-11).

^bP < 0.05 vs day 7;

^cP < 0.05 vs day 10;

^dP < 0.05 vs day 13.

NS: Non-significant difference.