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©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 7, 2019; 25(25): 3168-3182
Published online Jul 7, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i25.3168
Published online Jul 7, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i25.3168
Country | Population | Sample size | Method | anti-HEV | HEV RNA (%)/genotype (subtype) | Ref. |
Albania | Refugees in Greece (pregnant women) | 500 | EIA | 2%1 | NT | Malamitsi-Puchner et al[16] |
Refugees in Greece (adult population) | 350 | EIA/IB | 4.85%1 | NT | Dalekos et al[17] | |
General population | ND | ND | IgG 9.7% | NT | Adhami et al[18] | |
Thalassemic children | ND | ND | IgG 0% | NT | ||
Patients with chronic liver disease | 109 | EIA | 36.6%1 | NT | Kondili et al[19] | |
Patients with no apparent liver disease | 190 | EIA | 12.1%1 | NT | ||
Bulgaria | Patients with symptoms of acute hepatitis | 806 | EIA | IgM/IgG 2.48% | NT | Baymakova et al[23] |
Hospitalized patients with clinical symptoms of hepatitis and outpatients with laboratory data of liver dysfunction | 325 | EIA | IgM 13.2% | NT | Stoykova et al25] | |
IgG 20.9% | NT | |||||
Patients with acute hepatitis E (IgM positive) | 105 | RT-PCR | NT | G3 98% (3e 62%; 3f 24%; 3c 13%); G1 2% | Bruni et al[26] | |
Patients conducting ambulatory examination due to various reasons | 741 | EIA | IgM/IgG 1.48% | Teoharov et al[27] | ||
IgG 9.04% | ||||||
Croatia | Patients with clinical symptoms of hepatitis negative for HAV/HBV/HCV | 504 | EIA/IB/RT-PCR | IgM/IgG 10.7% | IgM positive 35.7% | Đaković Rode et al[31] |
HIV-infected patients | 88 | EIA/IB | IgG 1.1% | NT | ||
Liver transplant recipients | 242 | EIA | IgG 24.5% | NT | Mrzljak et al[32] | |
Alcohol abusers | 56 | EIA/IB | IgG 8.9% | NT | Vilibic-Cavlek et al[33] | |
Patients with PTSD | 35 | EIA/IB | IgG 8.1% | NT | ||
Injecting drug users | 49 | EIA/IB | IgG 6.1% | NT | ||
Persons with risk sexual behaviour | 37 | EIA/IB | IgG 0% | NT | ||
Forest workers | 37 | EIA/IB | IgG 8.1% | NT | Jeličić et al[34] | |
Healthcare workers | 50 | EIA/IB | IgG 2.0% | NT | Jeličić et al[34] | |
Pregnant women | 68 | EIA/IB | IgG 2.9% | NT | Jeličić et al[35] | |
Hunters | 25 | EIA/IB | IgG 4.0% | NT | Jeličić et al[35] | |
General population | 87 | EIA/IB | IgG 3.4% | NT | Jeličić et al[34] | |
Blood donors | 1036 | EIA/IB EIA | IgM 1.7% IgG 20.3% | NT | Miletic Lovric et al[36] | |
Greece | Transplant patients | 76 | RT-PCR | NT | 1 positive/1.3% G3 | Sinakos et al[45] |
Transfusion dependent thalassaemia | 96 | EIA | IgG 0% | 0% | Klonizakis et al[44] | |
Blood donors | 1 200 | EIA | IgG 2.9% | NT | Zervou et al[49] | |
HIV patients | 243 | EIA | IgG 7.3% | NT | Politou et al[48] | |
Blood donors (South Greece) | 265 | EIA | IgG 9.43 | NT | Pittaras et al[47] | |
Patients after open-heart surgery | 204 | EIA | IgG 5.4% | NT | Zervou et al[43] | |
Patients on haemodialysis | 351 | EIA | IgG 4.8% | NT | Stefanidis et al[46] | |
Non-A,-B hepatitis patients | 198 | EIA/RT-PCR | IgG 7.6% IgM 1% | 1 positive | Psichogiou et al[42] | |
Healthy controls | 316 | EIA/RT-PCR | IgM 0%/IgG 2.2% | NT | ||
Epirus region | Healthy blood donors | 2636 | EIA/IB | IgG 0.23% | NT | Dalekos et al[17] |
Refugees from southern Albania | 350 | EIA/IB | IgG 4.85% | NT | ||
Children | 165 | EIA/IB | IgG 0% | NT | ||
Injecting drug users | 65 | EIA/IB | IgG 0% | NT | ||
Multiply transfused patients | 62 | EIA/IB | IgG 0% | NT | ||
Patients with chronic viral hepatitis | 75 | EIA/IB | IgG 5.30% | NT | ||
Chronic haemodialysis patients | 149 | EIA/IB | IgG 1.34% | NT | ||
Agrinion area | Healthy blood donors | 380 | EIA/IB | IgG 0.53% | NT | |
Chronic hemodialysis patients | 62 | EIA/IB | IgG 9.7% | NT | ||
Kosovo | Kosovar refugees | 104 | EIA/RT-PCR | IgM 7.7% | 0% | Rey et al[56] |
Montenegro | Patients with acute viral hepatitis | 400 | EIA | IgM 6% | NT | Terzić et al[57] |
Romania | Patients with hepatitis B or C | 25 | EIA | IgG 12% | NT | Anita et al[59] |
Students | 40 | EIA | IgG 12.5% | NT | Voiculescu et al[60] | |
Doctors and nurses | 93 | EIA | IgG 13.98% | NT | Voiculescu et al[60] | |
Persons undergoing routine hematological tests | 148 | EIA | IgG 14.86% | NT | Anita et al[61] | |
General population | 67 | EIA | IgG 5.9% | NT | Savuta G et al[62] | |
Serbia | Blood donors | 200 | EIA RT-PCR | IgG 15% | 0% | Petrović et al[66] |
Slovenia | Acute/recent hepatitis E (IgM antibodies) | 10 | RT-PCR | NT | 3/10 (G3e and G1) | Steyer et al[74] |
- Citation: Mrzljak A, Dinjar-Kujundzic P, Jemersic L, Prpic J, Barbic L, Savic V, Stevanovic V, Vilibic-Cavlek T. Epidemiology of hepatitis E in South-East Europe in the "One Health" concept. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25(25): 3168-3182
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i25/3168.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i25.3168