Systematic Reviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Gastroenterol. Jun 14, 2019; 25(22): 2809-2818
Published online Jun 14, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i22.2809
Table 1 Risk of bias assessment in the included studies according to Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Interventions scale
BiasdomainsSchram et al[6], 2001Granito et al[21], 2005Al-Chalabi et al[23], 2006Czaja et al[9], 2006Zhang et al[22], 2012Zachou et al[20], 2016Morii et al[24], 2017
ConfoundingModerateSeriousModerateModerateSeriousModerateModerate
Selection of participants into studySeriousLowLowModerateModerateSeriousModerate
Classification of interventionsSeriousModerateModerateModerateSeriousModerateModerate
Deviation from intended interventionsNo informationLowNo informationNo informationNo informationLowModerate
Missing dataModerateModerateModerateSeriousSeriousSeriousSerious
Measurement of outcomesLowModerateModerateModerateModerateModerateModerate
Selection of the reported resultsModerateModerateModerateModerateModerateSeriousModerate
OverallSeriousSeriousModerateSeriousSeriousSeriousSerious