Increased risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A nationwide population-based study

Table 3 Risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease according to medication

Outcome	Immunomodulators		Systemic steroid		Biologic agents
	Yes (n = 10199)	No (n = 27497)	Yes (n = 21606)	No (n = 16090)	Yes (n = 2075)	No (n = 35621)
Atrial fibrillation	85	263	227	121	21	327
Incidence rate1	1.72	1.97	2.21	1.50	2.16	1.89
Adjusted HR2 (95%CI)	1.46 (1.13-1.89)	1 (reference)	1.37 (1.10-1.71)	1 (reference)	2.38 (1.51-3.75)	1 (reference)

¹Incidence rates were calculated per 1000 patient-years, within the population who were over 20 years old and not previously diagnosed with atrial fibrillation;

²Adjusted with age, sex, place, income, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, previous history of stroke, ischemic heart disease, and end stage renal disease. HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.