Gastric per-oral endoscopic myotomy: Current status and future directions

Table 1 Depicts pre-clinical demographic and clinical data and post-operative changes to symptoms and gastric emptying

Article	Shlomovitz et al[25], 2014	Gonzalez et al[26], 2017	Kahaleh et al[27], 2018	Rodriguez et al[28], 2017	Rodriguez et al[29], 2018	Malik et al[30], 2018	Jacques et al[31], 2017	Dacha et al[32], 2017	Mekaroonkamol et al[33], 2018	Khashab et al[34], 2017
n	7	29	33	47	100	13	20	16	30	30
Female (%)	100	65.50	66	78.70	85.00	53.58	—	81.25	86.70	57
Age (mean)	51	52.8	52	43.7	45	45.7	—	44.76	47	47
Previous gastric stim	—	4 (13.8%)	2 (6%)	16 (34.0%)	20 (20%)	3 (23%)	0	4 (25%)	4 (13.3%)	0
Previous botox treatment	—	1 (3%)	4 (12%)	28 (59.6%)	46 (46%)	11 (84.6%)	2 (10%)	0	1 (3%)	12 (40%)
Pre GES 4 h (mean %)	21	40 ± 34	45	37.2 ± 25.1	39 ± 26.5	49 ± 24	57	62.5	63.0 ± 25.5	37
Pre GCSI		3.3 ± 0.9		4.61	3.8 ± 0.86	2.2 ± 0.8	3.5	3.41	3.5 ± 0.6
Gastroparesis: Idiopathic	4	15	12	27	56	4	4	5	12	7
Gastroparesis: Diabetes	0	7	7	12	21	1	10	9	12	11
Gastroparesis: Post-surgical	2	5	12	8	19	8	1	1	5	12
Gastroparesis: Scleroderma	0	2	2	—	—	—	1	0	0	0
Total of major postoperative complications	4/7	5/29	1/33	0/47	10/100	1/13	3/20	0/16	1	2/30
Post GES Residual 4 hours	4%	28 ± 45	17% ± 17	20.4 ± 26.1	16.3 ± 21.4	33 ± 28	15	25.4	22.2 ± 20.5	17% ± 16
Symptom improvement	85.70%	69%	86%	—	—	73%	90%	81%	76.70%	86%
How defined improvement	Clinical improvement	Decrease in GCSI	Clinical improvement1	Not defined	Not defined	CPGAS score	GCSI decrease by 0.75	Decrease in GCSI	Decrease in GCSI2	Clinical improvement
Length of follow up (mo)	6.5	6	6	3	3	3	3	12	6-18	6
Timing of F/u GES in days	84	56	—	90	90	84	84	56	42-56	81-105
GES improvement	4/5 (90%)	23/29 (79.3%)	—	—	78% α	4/6 (66.7%)	19/20 (95%)	12/12 (100%)	78.3%α	14/17, 82.3%
Normalization of GES	0/5	16/29	4/6	—	57% α	0	6/20	9/12	47.8%α	8/17

¹And lack of hospitalizations;

²Defined as 1 averaged point in total Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index with more than 25% decrease in 2 subscales;

^αTotal number not provided. GCSI: Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index; GES: Gastric Emptying Study; CPGAS: Clinical Patient Grading Assessment Scale.