Trimethylamine N-oxide attenuates high-fat high-cholesterol diet-induced steatohepatitis by reducing hepatic cholesterol overload in rats

Figure 2 Trimethylamine N-oxide reduces the activity of steatohepatitis and improves the serological alterations in rats fed a high-fat high-cholesterol diet. A: The steatosis, activity, and fibrosis scores; B: The scores of steatosis; C: The scores of activity; D: The scores of fibrosis; E: Serum levels of alanine transaminase; F: Serum levels of aspartate transaminase; G: Serum levels of alkaline phosphatase. The data are presented as the mean ± SE (n = 8-10). ^aP < 0.05, vs rats fed a chow diet; ^bP < 0.01, vs rats fed a chow diet; ^cP < 0.05, vs rats fed a high-fat high-cholesterol diet; ^dP < 0.01, vs rats fed a high-fat high-cholesterol diet. SAF: Steatosis, activity, and fibrosis; ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; TMAO: Trimethylamine N-oxide; HFHC: High-fat high-cholesterol.