Novel abdominal negative pressure lavage-drainage system for anastomotic leakage after R0 resection for gastric cancer

Table 2 Postoperative mortality, morbidity, and treatment modality among patients with anastomotic leakage after radical gastrectomy before (2009-2013) and after (2014-2016) implementation of the abdominal negative pressure lavage-drainage system n (%)

Postoperative condition	All patients (n = 83)	2009-2013 (n = 37)	2014-2016 (n = 46)	P-value
Death	7 (8.4)	6 (16.2)	1 (2.2)	0.041
Time of occurrence of AL, d (mean)	5.6	5.4	5.7	0.738
Other complication
Pneumonia	41 (49.3)	16 (43.2)	25 (54.3)	0.315
Abdominal bleeding	8 (9.6)	7 (18.9)	1 (2.2)	0.020
Pancreatic fistula	3 (3.6)	3 (8.1)	0 (0)	0.085
Chylous leak	4 (4.8)	3 (8.1)	1 (2.2)	0.319
Anastomotic bleeding	2 (2.4)	2 (5.4)	0 (0)	0.196
Wound infection	4 (4.8)	2 (5.4)	2 (4.3)	> 0.999
ARF&RI	2 (2.4)	2 (5.4)	0 (0)	0.196
Cardiac event	2 (2.4)	1 (2.7)	1 (2.2)	> 0.999
HF and hypohepatia	2 (2.4)	1 (2.7)	1 (2.2)	> 0.999
Treatment
No invasive	58 (69.9)	18 (48.6)	40 (87.0)	< 0.001
CT-guided puncture drainage	16 (19.3)	11 (29.7)	5 (10.9)	0.030
endoscopy	3 (3.6)	3 (8.1)	0 (0)	0.085
Reoperation	6 (7.2)	5 (13.5)	1 (2.2)	0.084
Length of stay, d (mean)	30.2	31.6	28.4	0.458

AL: Anastomotic leakage; ARF&RI: Acute renal failure and renal insufficiency; CT: Computed tomography.