Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection: An effective and safe therapy for upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer

Table 4 Comparison of baseline characteristics of patients and submucosal tumors between esophagus group and cardia group n (%)

Characteristic	Esophagus group (n = 106)	Cardia group (n = 59)	P-value
Age, mean ± SD (yr)	45.7 (10.5)	48.2 (10.9)	0.053
Sex			0.159
Men	76	36
Women	30	23
Tumor size, median (range, mm)	16.5 (5.0-55.0)	25.0 (6.0-80.0)	0.005a
Tumor shape			0.000a
Regular	66	19
Irregular	40	40
Pathological diagnosis			NA
Leiomyomas	102	55
GISTs	1	2
Lipomas	1	2
Schwannomas	1	0
Fibrous tumor	1	0

^aP < 0.05, there is statistical significance between each other. GISTs: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors; NA: Not available.