Diversity of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 mechanisms of action against intestinal infections

Figure 5 The mechanisms of protection against enteroinvasive bacteria (Salmonella and Shigella). In the case of Salmonella, there is a decrease in the activation of the small GTPase pathway and consequently a decrease in the number of intracellular bacteria and the maintence of tight junctions. Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 also induces inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases and NF-κB activation pathways that are involved in interleukin 8 synthesis. And finally, a direct effect of S. boulardii CNCM I-745 on bacteria with the modification of their motility and the adhesion of Salmonella to S. boulardii CNCM I-745. IL-8: Interleukin 8; MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase; Sb: Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745.