Diversity of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 mechanisms of action against intestinal infections

Table 1 Effets of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 on gut microbiota in various diseases

Disease	Technique	Alteration of the microbiota	Effet of S.boulardii CNCM I-745	Ref.
Antibiotic treatment (mice)	FISH and cytometry	Increase in Enterobacteriaceae and Bacteroides	Rapid return to normal for: Bacteroides, Clostridium cocoidesEubacterium rectale, PrevotellaPorphyromonas	[67,71]
		Drastic decrease in Clostridium cocoides and Eubacterium rectale
Chronic diarrhea (humans)	Coring and FISH	Increase in BifidobaceriumEubacterium cylindrodes, Clostridium histolyticus et	Decrease in Bacteroides and Roseburia	[72]
		Decrease in Bacteroides et Roseburia
Antibiotic Treatment (humans)	Sequencing	Increase in Parabacteroides and Escherichia/Shigella	Reduces microbiota variations due to antibiotic treatment	[74]
		Decrease in Ralstonia
Antibiotic Treatment (women1)	Corning and FISH	Decrease in dominant microbiota:Clostridium cocoides, Eubacterium rectale, Bacteroides, Roseburia and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii	Group A/Sb: Increase in Bacteroides, Roseburia and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii	[73]
			Groupe Sb-A: Rapid return to normal

FISH: Fluorescence in situ hybridation; A/Sb: Group of patients concomitantly treated with antibiotics and Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745; Sb-A: Group of patientstreated with Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 after antibiotic treatment; S.boulardii; Saccharomyces boulardii.

¹Patients with vaginal infections.