Recent advances in gastric cancer early diagnosis

Table 1 Dysregulated circulating microRNAs reported in gastric cancer patients

MicroRNA	Biological function	Type of biomarker	Origin of specimen	Sensitivity/specificity	Study
miR-21	Upregulated; discriminates between stage I and stage IV of GC	Diagnostic, prognostic	Serum, PBMC	88.4%/79.6% (serum) 81.3%/73.4% (PBMC)	Wu et al[57]
miR-196a/b	Upregulated; correlated with metastatic potential of the tumor, advanced stages, and poorer survival	Diagnostic, prognostic	Plasma	69.5%/97.6%	Tsai et al[59]
miR-200c	Upregulated; predictor of progression and survival.	Diagnostic, prognostic	Blood	65.4%/100%	Valladares-ayerbes et al[67]
miR-940	Downregulated	Diagnostic	Plasma	81.25 %/98.57 %	Liu et al[68]
miR-551b-5p	Upregulated	Diagnostic	Serum	77.5%/80.0%	Jiang et al[69]
miR-19b, miR-106a	Upregulated; correlated with lymphatic metastasis and advanced stages	Diagnostic, prognostic	Circulating exosomes	95%/90%	Wang et al[64]
miR-501-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-451a, miR-146a	Differentially expressed; prediction and prognosis of lymph node metastasis	Prognostic	Serum	87.78%/63.33%	Jiang et al[60]
miR-16, miR-25, miR-92a, miR-451, miR-486-5p	Differentially expressed; discriminate between early-stage of GC and cancer-free subjects	Diagnostic	Plasma	72.9%/89.2%	Zhu et al[61]
miR-200a-3p, miR-296-5p, miR-132-3p, miR-485-3p, miR-22-5p	Upregulated	Diagnostic	Serum	N/S	Wang et al[62]
miR10b-5p, miR132-3p, miR185-5p, miR195-5p, miR-20a3p, miR296-5p	Upregulated	Diagnostic	Serum	N/S	Huang et al[63]
miR-17-5p, miR-21, miR-106a, miR-106b, let-7a	Differentially expressed	Diagnostic	Plasma	85.5%/80.0%	Tsujiura et al[70]
miR-146, miR-375, let-7, miR-19, miR-21	Differentially expressed in GC patients with H. Pylori infection	Diagnostic	Plasma	N/S	Ranjbar et al[65]

miR-: MicroRNA; GC: Gastric cancer; PBMC: Peripheral blood mononuclear cell; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; N/S: Not specified.