Comparison of Hemospray® and Endoclot™ for the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the total patient cohort treated with hemostatic powders for gastrointestinal bleeding n (%)

	HS and EC n = 154	Hemospray n = 111	Endoclot n = 32	P value
Sex (M)	101 (65.6)	76 (68.5)	17 (53.1)	NS
Age, yr
mean ± SD	66.6 ± 14	67 ± 13.8	67.4 ± 15.1	NS
range	11-93	29-93	11-89
Rockall risk score
median ± SD	7.1 ± 1.7	7.1 ± 1.7	7.1 ± 1.8	NS
range	2-10	2-10	2-10
Comorbidities
Coagulopathy	48 (31.2)	36 (32.4)	6 (18.8)	NS
Renal insufficiency	74 (48.1)	53 (47.7)	15 (46.9)	NS
Hemodialysis	35 (22.7)	26 (23.4)	5 (15.6)	NS
Liver cirrhosis	40 (26)	32 (28.9)	5 (15.6)	NS
Bleeding locale
upper GI bleeding	137 (89)	102 (91.8)	25 (78.1)	0.04
lower GI bleeding	17 (11)	8 (8)	7 (21)	NS
Application as
Primary therapy	82 (53.2)	64 (57.7)	14 (43.8)	NS
Salvage therapy	72 (46.8)	47 (42)	18 (56)	NS
Multiple applications of HP	42 (27.3)	27 (24.3)	5 (15.6)	NS
Definite hemostatic therapies after HP failure
Coiling	13 (8.4)	11 (9.9)	1 (3.1)	NS
Surgery	9 (5.8)	7 (6.3)	1 (3.1)	NS
Short term success (total)	125 (81.2)	92 (82.9)	26 (81.2)	NS
Primary therapy	67/82 (81.7)	53/64 (82.8)	11/14 (78.6)
Salvage therapy	58/72 (80.6)	39/47 (82.9)	15/18 (83.3)
Long term success	81/121 (66.9)	59 (69.4)	18 (66.7)	NS
Primary therapy	45/65 (69.2)	35/49 (71.4)	8/13 (61.5)
Salvage therapy	36/56 (64.3)	24/36 (66.7)	10/14 (71.4)
Re-bleeding rate	41 (26.6)	27 (24.3)	8 (25)	NS
Primary therapy	18/82 (21.9)	13/64 (20.3)	3/14 (21.4)
Salvage therapy	23/72 (31.9)	14/47 (29.8)	5/18 (27.8)

HS: Hemospray; EC: Endoclot; HP: Hemostatic powders; HS and EC: Including patients who received both Hemospray and Endoclot at different time points; NS: Not specified; GI: Gastrointestinal.