Emerging role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for guiding management of hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 2 Current literature evaluating the prognostic value of ¹⁸F-fluorodexoyglucose positron emission tomography in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with surgical resection

First author	Year	No. of patients	Study design	PET parameter	Cut-off values of PET parameter	Findings
Hatano et al[41]	2006	31	Retrospective	TLR	2.0	TLR showed significant positive association with overall survival
Ahn et al[47]	2011	93	Retrospective	SUV, TLR	4.0, 2.0	High SUV and TLR were predictors for early recurrence, but showed no statistical significance on multivariate analysis
Kitamura et al[42]	2012	63	Retrospective	TLR	2.0	TLR was an independent predictor for early recurrence
Han et al[43]	2014	298	Retrospective	SUV	3.5	SUV was an independent predictor for recurrence-free survival and overall survival
Baek et al[48]	2015	54	Retrospective	Tumor-to-muscle ratio	6.36	Tumor-to-muscle ratio was associated with recurrence-free survival, but, no statistical significance on multivariate analysis
Cho et al[44]	2017	56	Retrospective	SUV	4.9	Recurrence rate was higher in patients with high SUV, but, no significant difference of disease-free survival and overall survival according to SUV
Hwang et al[50]	2018	526	Retrospective	Visual analysis	-	Combination of ADV score and PET finding can predict risk of early recurrence and survival
Kim et al[49]	2018	226 HBV-related HCC	Retrospective	Visual analysis	-	Positive PET finding was associated with overall survival, but, not a predisposing factor for disease-free survival in HBV-related HCC patients
Lim et al[45]	2018	78	Prospective	Visual analysis	-	Positive PET finding was an independent predictor for early recurrence
Yoh et al[46]	2018	207	Retrospective	TLR	2.0	Prognostic model incorporating ALBI grade and PET finding can predict the disease-free survival and overall survival

FDG: ¹⁸F-fluorodexoyglucose; PET: Positron emission tomography; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; TLR: Tumor-to-non-tumor liver uptake ratio; SUV: Standardized uptake value; ADV: Alpha-fetoprotein-Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin-tumor volume; ALBI: Albumin-bilirubin.