Can bacterial virulence factors predict antibiotic resistant Helicobacter pylori infection?

Table 3 Clarithromycin resistance rates and the distribution of resistance-mediating mutations

Genotype	Number of gastric biopsy specimens n (%)			P value1
	All patients 165 (100)	Treatment Naïve 105 (63.6)	Previously treated 60 (36.4)
ClarithromycinS (WT)	65 (39.4)	52 (49.5)	13 (21.7)	< 0.001
ClarithromycinR	100 (60.6)	53 (50.5)	47 (78.3)
Point mutations
A2147G	78 (78)	44 (83)	34 (72.3)	NS
A2146G	8 (8)	3 (5.7)	5 (10.6)	NS
A2146C	6 (6)	3 (5.7)	3 (6.4)	NS
A2146C + A2147G	5 (5)	3 (5.7)	2 (4.3)	NS
A2146G + A2147G	2 (2)	0 (0)	2 (4.3)	NS
A2146G + A2146C	1 (1)	0 (0)	1 (2.1)	NS

¹Treatment-naïve versus previously treated patients (Fisher’s exact test). Clarithromycin^S: Sensitive to clarithromycin; Clarithromycin^R: Resistant to clarithromycin.