Bypassing major venous occlusion and duodenal lesions in rats, and therapy with the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157, L-NAME and L-arginine

Figure 4 Characteristic appearance of the duodenum in superior anterior pancreaticoduodenal vein-ligated rats at 30 min (left) or 24 h (right) ligation-time. After medication bath [saline (upper) (C); BPC 157 (lower) (B) application]; duodenum opening before sacrifice at 30 min (left) or 24 h (right) ligation-time; USB microscope camera. Control: 30 min. Congested duodenal serosa and duodenal arcades with few vessel branching. Congested haemorrhagic upon duodenal opening. 24 h. Severely congested duodenal serosa and duodenal arcades with few vessel branching. Severely congested haemorrhagic upon duodenal opening. BPC 157 therapy: 30 min. Not congested serosa and vessels with increased branching. Area without apparent congestion and haemorrhage was observed upon duodenal opening: 24 h. Not congested serosa and vessels with increased branching. Area without apparent congestion and haemorrhage was observed upon duodenal opening. C: Control; B: BPC 157.