Neonatal rhesus monkeys as an animal model for rotavirus infection

Figure 4 Histopathological changes and apoptosis in the small intestine of neonatal rhesus monkeys infected with SA11 or medium without serum. A: The duodenum of neonatal rhesus monkeys infected with medium without serum at 3 dpi; B: The jejunum of neonatal rhesus monkeys infected with medium without serum at 3 dpi; C: The ileum of neonatal rhesus monkeys infected with medium without serum at 3 dpi; D: The duodenum of neonatal rhesus monkeys infected with 10⁸ PFUs of SA11 at 3 dpi; E: The jejunum of neonatal rhesus monkeys infected with 10⁸ PFUs of SA11 at 3 dpi; F: The ileum of neonatal rhesus monkeys infected with 10⁸ PFUs of SA11 at 3 dpi; histopathological changes in the small intestinal tissues including vacuolization (white arrow), edema, atrophy, and breakage of the small intestinal villus cells (black arrow); G-J: Apoptosis of jejunal epithelial cells during SA11 infection detected by TUNEL assay; G: Inoculated with medium without serum at 2 dpi; H: Inoculated with medium without serum at 3 dpi; I: Inoculated with 10⁸ PFUs of SA11 at 2 dpi; J: Inoculated with 10⁸ PFUs of SA11 at 3 dpi; the numbers of apoptotic jejunal villus epithelial cells increased significantly at 3 dpi. Magnification: × 20. Bar: 50 μm.