Warm ischemia time and elevated serum uric acid are associated with metabolic syndrome after liver transplantation with donation after cardiac death

Table 1 Demographics and baseline clinical characteristics for recipients n (%)

Variable	PTMS (n = 20)	Non-PTMS (n = 127)	P value
Demographics
Age, yr	46.3 ± 9.0	45.5 ± 11.0	0.746
Male	17 (85.0)	104 (81.9)	0.735
BMI, kg/m2	23.5 ± 4.3	21.8 ± 2.8	0.021
MELD score	18.4 ± 8.3	17.7 ± 8.5	0.768
Child-Pugh score	10.5 ± 2.2	10.0 ± 2.0	0.374
Smoking	5 (25.0)	39 (30.7)	0.604
Alcohol	6 (30.0)	19 (15.0)	0.096
HBV	13 (65.0)	85 (66.9)	0.865
HCV	1 (5.0)	14 (11.0)	0.408
Pre-LT comorbidity
Obesity	4 (20.0)	4 (3.1)	0.002
Diabetes mellitus	4 (20.0)	13 (10.2)	0.210
Hypertension	1 (5.0)	4 (3.1)	0.671
Dyslipidemia	2 (10.0)	13 (10.2)	0.974
Metabolic syndrome	3 (10.0)	4 (3.1)	0.020
Laboratory test
Pre-LT serum uric acid, μmol/L	265 ± 116	280 ± 97	0.545
Pre-LT serum creatinine, μmol/L	55.2 ± 16.9	60.0 ± 19.0	0.288
Pre-LT eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2	158.7 ± 54.6	139.2 ± 43.9	0.076
Operative characteristic
Anhepatic phase, min	50.8 ± 9.5	53.5 ± 11.3	0.193
Operation time, h	6.7 ± 1.5	6.2 ± 1.1	0.084
Length of ICU stay, d	6.9 ± 3.0	6.8 ± 3.6	0.923
Post-LT clinical characteristic
Steroid-free protocol for HCC	3 (15.0)	43 (33.9)	0.091
Tacrolimus use ≥ 24 mo	12 (60.0)	68 (53.5)	0.590
Cyclosporine use ≥ 24 mo	8 (40.0)	59 (46.5)	0.590
MMF use ≥ 24 mo	13 (65.0)	84 (66.1)	0.920
Acute graft rejection	3 (15.0)	12 (9.4)	0.446
Biliary complication	3 (15.0)	28 (22.0)	0.472
Acute kidney injury	7 (35.0)	13 (10.2)	0.002
Hyperuricemia	11 (55.0)	19 (15.0)	0.002

PTMS: Posttransplant metabolic syndrome; BMI: Body mass index; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; LT: Liver transplantation; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; ICU: Intensive care unit; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; MMF: Mycophenolate mofetil.