Outcomes of furazolidone- and amoxicillin-based quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection and predictors of failed eradication

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analyses for predictors of failed Helicobacter pylori eradication

Factor		Eradication rate	P value1	Multivariate2
		n/N (%)		OR (95%CI)	P value
Age (yr)	< 60	781/827 (94.4)	0.96	-	-
	≥ 60	156/165 (94.5)
Gender	Male	469/501 (93.6)	0.24	-	-
	Female	468/491 (95.3)
Education2	< 7 yr	150/164 (91.5)	0.29	-	-
	7-9 yr	237/249 (95.2)
	10-12 yr	187/197 (94.9)
	13-16 yr	219/229 (95.6)
	> 16 yr	20/20 (100)
Number of previous H. pylori treatment(s)	None	800/842 (95.0)	0.002	Reference	-
	One	119/127 (93.7)		1.2 (0.5-2.7)	0.73
	Two or more	18/23 (78.3)		7.4 (2.2-24.9)	0.001
Diagnosis	Functional dyspepsia	453/478 (94.8)	0.49	-	-
	Peptic ulcers	245/259 (94.6)
	Erosive esophagitis	67/69 (97.1)
	Other sources of upper GI bleeding	4/5 (80.0)
	Gastric neoplasm	6/6 (100.0)
	Asymptomatic gastritis	68/75 (90.7)
	13C-UBT positive during health checkup	94/100 (94.0)
PPI type	Esomeprazole	253/264 (95.8)	0.42	-	-
	Rabeprazole	209/224 (93.3)
	Pantoprazole	408/435 (93.8)
	Other PPIs	67/69 (97.1)
Bismuth	400 mg per day	204/213 (95.8)	0.4	-	-
	600 mg per day	371/391 (94.9)
	800 mg per day	362/388 (93.3)
Duration of regimen	10 d	19/21 (90.5)	0.33	-	-
	14 d	918/971 (94.5)
Adherence2	Took 80% medicine or more	782/819 (95.5)	< 0.001	Reference	-
	Took less than 80% medicine	31/40 (77.5)		6.7 (2.8-15.8)	< 0.001
Smoking2	Non-smoker	631/660 (95.6)	0.004	Reference	-
	Abstinence during therapy	77/80 (96.3)		0.7 (0.2-2.7)	0.65
	Smoking during therapy	105/119 (88.2)		1.9 (0.9-4.3)	0.10
Alcohol2	Non-alcohol user	600/628 (95.5)	< 0.001	Reference	-
	Abstinence during therapy	186/197 (94.4)		1.0 (0.4-2.3)	1.00
	Alcohol use during therapy	27/34 (79.4)		4.4 (1.5-12.3)	0.008

¹Univariate analysis;

²Data analyzed only for patients who completed the study protocol (n = 859). n: Number of successful eradication; N: Number of total patients; GI: Gastrointestinal; PPI: Proton pump inhibitor;

¹³C-UBT: ¹³C-urea breath test.