Production of extracellular lysophosphatidic acid in the regulation of adipocyte functions and liver fibrosis

Figure 3 Summary of lysophosphatidic acid activated intracellular signaling pathways via the six cognate lysophosphatidic acid receptors. PLC: Phospholipase C; PI3K: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; AC: Denylyl cyclase; PNK: Polynucleotide 5'-hydroxyl-kinase; ROCK: Rho-associated kinase; JNK: c-jun N-terminal kinase; SRF: Serum response factor; IP3: Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate; DAG: Diacylglyerol; PKC: Protein kinase C; MEK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase; ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinase; Akt: Protein kinase B; Mtor: Mammalian target of rapamycin.