Secondary endoscopic submucosal dissection for locally recurrent or incompletely resected gastric neoplasms

Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Characteristics	ESD	Secondary ESD	P value
	(n = 1595, %)	(n = 28, %)
Gender			0. 836
Male	1117 (70.0)	19 (67.9)
Female	478 (30.0)	9 (32.1)
Age [yr, mean (SD)]	64.8 (10.4)	63.5 (9.2)	0.528
Lesion location			0.217
Upper	127 (8.0)	3 (11.1)
Middle	633 (39.7)	15 (53.6)
Lower	835 (52.4)	10 (35.7)
Multiplicity	250 (15.7)	2 (7.1)	0.296
Lesion size [mm, mean (SD)]	17.4 (12.8)	16.4 (13.2)	0.664
Macroscopic type			< 0.001
Elevated	674 (42.3)	7 (25.0)
Flat	685 (42.9)	9 (32.1)
Depressed	236 (14.8)	12 (42.9)
WHO classification			< 0.001
Low grade dysplasia	610 (38.2)	8 (28.6)
High grade dysplasia	221 (13.9)	4 (14.3)
Well differentiated	356 (22.3)	4 (14.3)
Moderately differentiated	268 (16.8)	7 (25.0)
Poorly differentiated	76 (4.8)	3 (10.7)
Signet ring cell carcinoma	64 (4.0)	0 (0.0)
No residual lesion	0 (0.0)	2 (7.1)
Depth of invasion			< 0.001
Dysplasia	831 (52.1)	12 (42.9)
Mucosal cancer	609 (38.2)	14 (50.0)
Submucosal cancer	155 (9.7)	0 (0.0)
No residual lesion	0 (0.0)	2 (7.1)
LVI			1.000
No	1546 (96.9)	28 (100.0)
Yes	49 (3.1)	0 (0.0)
Lateral margin			0.381
Negative	1521 (95.4)	26 (92.9)
Positive	74 (4.6)	2 (7.1)
Vertical margin			0.615
Negative	1542 (96.7)	27 (96.4)
Positive	53 (3.3)	1 (3.6)

ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; LVI: Lymphovascular invasion.