Total flavone of Abelmoschus manihot suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition via interfering transforming growth factor-β1 signaling in Crohn’s disease intestinal fibrosis

Figure 4 Total flavone of Abelmoschus manihot inhibited transforming growth factor-β1-induced activation of the Smad signaling pathway. A: The effects of TFA on TGF-β1-induced activation of Smad signaling were evaluated by western blotting; B: The expression of Smad signaling was examined by western blotting after transfection of si-Smad2/3; C and D: The effect of si-Smad or TFA combined with si-Smad2/3 on TGF-β1-induced activation of Smad signaling was evaluated by western blotting (C) and qRT-PCR (D) assays. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001 compared with that of non-TFA treated group, ^eP < 0.01, ^fP < 0.001 compared with that of TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) treated group. TFA: Total flavone of Abelmoschus manihot; TGF: Transforming growth factor.