Push vs pull method for endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of pancreatic head lesions: Propensity score matching analysis

Table 1 Comparison of patient characteristics and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration results

	Push group (n = 85)	Pull group (n = 85)	P value
Patient characteristics
Age (yr), mean ± SD	67.1 ± 10.2	67.6 ± 9.7	0.77
Sex (male/female)	48/37	46/39	0.88
Tumor diameter (mm), mean ± SD	25.9 ± 10.3	26.6 ± 10.1	0.67
EUS-FNA results
Distance to lesion	13.9 ± 4.9	7.0 ± 4.9	< 0.01
No. of needle passes of pancreas, mean ± SD	2.4 ± 1.3	2.4 ± 1.3	0.86
Needle gauge			0.57
19	2	1
22	32	38
25	51	46
Diagnosis of malignancy by cytology, n (%)	78 (91.8)	78 (91.8)	1
Diagnosis of malignancy by histology, n (%)	47 (55.3)	34 (40.0)	0.065
Overall diagnosis of malignancy, n (%)	80 (94.1)	80 (94.1)	1
Adverse events
Abscess around pancreas, n (%)	0 (0)	1 (1.2)	1

EUS-FNA: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration.