Role of band ligation for secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding

Table 3 Baseline characteristics of the patients included in the review

Study (reference)	Patients	Gender (M/F)	Age (range or ± SD)	CP class (A/B/C)	Cirrhosis etiology (agent %)
Monici et al[35]	EBL + EST: 36	25/11	47.8 (30-68)	28/8/0	Alcohol/virus/alcohol+virus/cryptogenic/autoimmune/PSC/PBC 12/13/3/5/2/1
	EBL + MC: 34	26/8	48.5 (22-71)	29/5/0	Alcohol/virus/alcohol+ virus/cryptogenic/autoimmune/PSC/PBC 8/11/3/9/1/2
Luz et al[26]	EBL: 44	NR	NR	2/22/20	Alcohol/virus/secondary biliary cirrhosis/cryptogenic/PBC 43.2/43.2/9.1/2.3/2.3
	EST: 39	NR	NR	3/21/15	Alcohol/virus/secondary biliary cirrhosis/cryptogenic/PBC 43.6/38.5/7.7/5.1/5.1
Santos et al[34]	EBL: 20	13/7	52 ± 12.6	0/4/16	Alcohol/HCV/alcohol+HCV/other 30/30/15/25
	CI: 18	14/4	51 ± 8.2	0/3/15	Alcohol/HCV/alcohol+HCV/other 39/33/6/22
Lo et al[31]	EBL+ vasoconstrictors: 60	49/11	52.5 ± 14.4	18/32/10	Alcohol/HBV/HCV/HBV+HCV/cryptogenic 40/22/30/3/5
	EBL+PPIs: 58	49/9	54.2 ± 9.7	15/24/19	Alcohol/HBV/HCV/HBV+HCV/cryptogenic 38/29/26/3/2/2
Stanley et al[30]	EBL: 31	21/10	49.6 ± 12.87	11/28/25	Alcohol/NAFLD/PBC/DICLD 91/5/3/2
	Carvedilol: 33	22/11	51.4 ± 10.8
Chen et al[28]	EBL: 48	32/16	56 ± 10	19/29/0	HBV/HCV/Alcohol/autoimmune/other 59/4/6/8/23
	EST: 48	31/17	54 ± 11	20/28/0	HBV/HCV/alcohol/autoimmune/other 75/0/2/10/13
Holster et al[32]	EBL+β-blockers: 35	23/12	54 (30-71)	13/18/4	Alcohol/HBV+HCV/alcohol + HBV+HCV/autoimmune liver+biliary disease/other 51/3/8/26/11
	TIPS: 37	18/19	56 (37-75)	13/19/5	Alcohol/HBV+HCV/alcohol + HBV+HCV/autoimmune liver+biliary disease/other 35/19/8/24/14
Mansour et al[27]	EBL: 60	34/26	NR	8/20/32	HCV/HBV/HCV+HBV 86.67/6.66/6.66
	EBL + EST: 60	44/16	NR	14/22/24	HCV/HBV/HCV+HBV 86.67/6.66/6.66
Lv et al[33]	EBL+propranolol: 25	16/8	46 (38-56)	10/14/1	HBV/HCV/alcohol/AH/HBV+AH/cryptogenic 86.67/13.3/0
	TIPS: 24	13/12	49 (46-62)	9/13/2	HBV/HCV/alcohol/AH/HBV+AH/cryptogenic 83/4/4/4/0/4
Hanif et al[29]	EBL+ propranolol: 30	25/5	56.30 ± 5.80	NR	NR
	Propranolol: 30	13/17	57.63 ± 5.98	NR	NR

CP: Child Pugh; EBL: Endoscopic band ligation; EST: Endoscopic sclerotherapy; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; PBC: Primary biliary cirrhosis; MC: Microwave coagulation; NR: Not reported; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; CI: Cyanoacrylate injection; AH: Autoimmune hepatitis; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; PPIs: Proton pump inhibitors; DICLD: Drug-induced chronic liver disease; TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; NSBBs: Non-selective β-blockers.